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Messaging Ethylene Hormone in Plants Response to Pathogens
Asad Masoumiasl,
Volume 2, Issue 1 (3-2013)
Abstract
There are some strategies for adaptation to environmental changes in plants, including a range of molecular-biochemical and also intent or induced mechanisms. The proper response of plant is occurred when it receives extracellular signals and transfers those inside the cell. Ethylene, identified as a plant hormone which regulates the plant reactions under some circumstances. Ethylene production has been enhanced in response to biological stresses like plant infection by pathogens or herbivores attack. Most of induced defense genes are regulated by transduction pathways signal. The biosynthesis pathway of ethylene from the amino acid methionine has been studied well. In this pathway, the produced ethylene activates the resistant genes resulting to incidence of plant resistance. The responsible genes in rice and also the ethylene-expressed resistance genes have been discussed in this review.
Defense responses by nitric oxide in plant-pathogen interaction
Saeedeh Dehghanpour Farashah,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (9-2023)
Abstract
Dehghanpour Farashah S (2023) Defense responses by nitric oxide in plant-pathogen interaction. Plant Pathology Science 12(2):130-142.
The control of diseases in agriculture often relies on pesticides and chemical fertilizers, which negatively affect the rhizosphere natural microflora and ecosystem balance. Today, researchers are looking to replace these chemicals with other environment friendly agents to improve agricultural production and control plant pathogens. Research on the interaction of nitric oxide (NO) with plant pathogens has shown that NO is a key messenger in the response of plants to biotic and abiotic stresses. Due to the role of NO in the regulation of plant defense genes, especially through programmed cell death, it has attracted the attention of many plant pathologists. Although NO plays an important role in the hypersensitive reaction in response to various biotic and abiotic stresses, it has been found that NO also plays a role in regulating the expression of genes related to non-specific resistance. In this review, the role of nitric oxide in plant-pathogens interaction has been investigated.

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