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Showing 4 results for Zafari
Management of Bacterial Wilt Disease of Potato by Health Assay of Seed Tubers
Cobra Moslemkhani, Javad Mozafari,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (2-2016)
Abstract

Moslemkhani K. & Mozafari J. 2016. Management of  bacterial wilt disease of  potato by health assay of seed tubers. Plant Pathology Science 5(1): 62-75.

Ralstonia solanacearum is an important phytopathogen which reduces quantity and quality of potato. Due to its wide distribution and broad host range and in soil of different regions through irrigation water or latent infected tubers. It is generally difficult to control the damage of this bacterium. It has widely distributed in most of potato growing regions of Iran and by causing wilt and brown rot disease of potato, is a serious treat for cultivation of this crop in the country. Providing and sowing the healthy and certificated seed tubers is the most effective method of controlling the disease. For a successful strategy of disease management, a clear understanding of mode of disease distribution and epidemiology of causal agent is necessary. In this paper, recent scientific findings on this disease are described and new methods of bacterium detection and health assay of seed tubers are introduced.


Effect of temperature and culture medium on the growth and sporulation of eight Trichoderma species
Zahra Mirzaeipour, Eidi Bazgir, Doustmorad Zafari, Mostafa Darvishnia,
Volume 12, Issue 2 ((Spring and Summer) 2023)
Abstract
Mirzaeipour Z, Bazgir E, Zafari D, Darvishnia M (2023) Effect of temperature and culture medium on the growth and sporulation of eight Trichoderma species. Plant Pathology Science 12(2):105-116. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2982/PPS.12.2.105

Trichoderma species are important agents of biological control of soil-borne plant pathogens. The growth and reproduction of these fungi are influenced by the culture medium and temperature. This study was conducted to determine the effect of temperature and culture medium on the growth and sporulation of Trichoderma species. Ten isolates of Trichoderma species were isolated from agricultural soils of different regions of Lorestan Province, Iran. The study of morphological characteristics and sequencing of ITS-rDNA, and tef1α gene regions showed that they are belong to eight species of Trichoderma. Investigating the effect of four types of culture medium and five temperatures to determine optimum culture medium and temperature for the growth and reproduction of these fungi, showed that the Potato/Dextrose/Agar (PDA) medium is the best, and the temperature of 20 to 30 degrees Celsius is optimal for the growth and reproduction of these fungi. Evaluation of their ability to inhibit the growth of the soil-borne plant pathogenic fungus Rhizoctonia solani in vitro, showed that T. harzianum LT8 has the most inhibition ability. Therefore, this isolate can be used as a potential biocontrol agent for this plant pathogenic fungus in future research.
 

Two Fusarium species pathogenic to sugarcane in Khuzestan Province, Iran
Samaneh Dashtipoor, Doustmorad Zafari,
Volume 13, Issue 1 ((Autumn & Winter) 2024)
Abstract
Dashtipoor, S., & Zafari, D. (2024). Two Fusarium species pathogenic to sugarcane in Khuzestan Province, Iran. Plant Pathology Science, 13(1), 14-26.
  
Sugarcane is an important commercial product that is used for sugar production and many industrial uses. This research was conducted to identify Fusarium species causing sugarcane pokabong disease in plants with symptoms of vascular wilting and red veins in the leaves. This disease is one of the most important and spreading diseases of sugarcane in the world, which leads to a significant decrease in the sugarcane crop. The purpose of this research was to identify Fusarium species causing this disease in Khuzestan province of Iran. The sugarcane fields of this province were visited and samples were taken from the diseased tissues of the plants. The diseased tissues were cultured on potato dextrose agar medium after washing and surface disinfection. Morphological identification of the species was done using valid identification keys, and the combined analysis method of the data of tef 1α and rpb2 gene regions was used to confirm their identity. The pathogenicity test was performed and the results indicated that the identified species were pathogenic. Fusarium culmorum and Fusarium oxysporum species were identified as sugarcane pathogens. This is the first report of F. culmorum and F. oxysporum species as pathogens of sugarcane in Iran.

 
The effect of three Trichoderma species and organic sulfur on root-knot nematode of cucumber
Mrs Fatemeh Soltani Tale, Dr. Leila Kashi, Dr. Doostmorad Zafari,
Volume 13, Issue 2 ((Spring and Summer) 2024)
Abstract
Today, with the increase in cucumber cultivation in greenhouses and fields, their contamination with root-knot nematodes is observed in some areas. The effect of three Trichoderma species (T. crassum, T. harzianum and T. afroharzianum) with liquid organic sulfur of Raskood company on the control of root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) on cucumber (Nagin variety) was investigated with two separeted tests under greenhouse conditions, in this research. Both tests were done with eight treatments (the use of each of the mushrooms together with sulfur, each of the fungi alone and sulfur alone and the infected control) in five repetitions and the form of Completely Randomized Design with Duncan's test at 5% level. In order to infect the plants, 2500 second-stage larvae and nematode eggs were added to each kilogram of potting soil containing cucumber seedlings at the four-leaf stage.  Then, depending on the type of treatment, one milliliter of Trichoderma suspension (106 spores per milliliter) and sulfur were added to each seedling, and the pots were investigated after 45 and 60 days for the first and second tests, respectively. Data analysis was done using SAS 9.4 software. The results of this study showed that in both tests, the use of sulfur with each of the fungi and sulfur alone led to significant differences between the plant growth indicators of tretments (fresh and dry weight of aerial organs, lenght of the root and aerial organs) and control. Also, nematode pathogenicity factors (the number of second stage larvae in the soil, the number of female nematodes in each gall, the number of female nematodes in the whole root, the number of galls in the whole root, the number of egg mass in each gall, the number of egg mass in the whole The root and reproduction factor) of the treatments that with both of Tricoderma and sulfur together, as well as the treatment using sulfur alone showed a significant difference compared to the control. However, in the both of tests, the most effective treatments were related to the use of T. crassum together with sulfur.

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