Mirderikvand M, Darvishnia M, Bazgir E, Pakbaz S (2021) Introduction of Fusarium species associated with crown and root of canola in Lorestan Province of Iran. Plant Pathology Science 10(1):64-75. Doi: 10.2982/PPS.10.1.64.
Introduction: Canola is one of the most important oilseeds in the world. Fusarium species can causes of canola root and crown rot. Material and Methods: In order to identify Fusarium species associated with rapeseed, some samples of the roots and crown of infected and suspicious plants were taken from rapeseed fields in the counties of Lorestan Province during the 2018 growing season. The samples were transferred to the laboratory and pathogenic fungi isolated and purified using specific and public media and then identified with valid keys. Results: A total of 88 isolates were obtained from the collected samples, which due to the morphological characteristics as F. acuminatum, F.culmorum, F.diversisporum, F.oxysporum, F.sambucinum, and F. solani.F. culmorum with 21 isolates (23.86%) and F. solani with 7 isolates (7.95%) had the highest and lowest frequency percentage, respectively.Conclusion: Canola is reported for the first time as a new host for F. diversisporum and F. sambucinum in Iran.
Pakbaz S, Darvishnia M, Naghavi A (2022)Phylogenetic status of Grapevine fanleaf virus isolate of Lorestan province of Iran. Plant Pathology Science 11(1):1-12. Doi: 10.2982/PPS.11.1.1
Introduction:Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) is a major grapevine infecting virus in the world. Materials and Methods: Grapes showing GFLV signs were sampled from the suburbs of the city of Khorramabad in Lorestan Province of Iran in spring 2020 and RT-PCR test was performed to amplify their GFLV-CP gene and the product was sequenced. Results: Specific primers were able to amplify a 1515 bp fragment of the CP gene. Based on the nucleotide sequence of this fragment, GFLV was first identified in this region. The nucleotide sequence similarity of this isolate was detected at 89.14-95.64% with other isolates in the NCBI library. Also, the phylogenetic tree of these isolates, based on the genomic CP region, grouped GFLV isolates into two groups I and II. The Lorestan GFLV isolate was placed in a subgroup in Group I together with GFLV isolates from the northwestern part of Iran and the Takestan isolate, and isolates from other countries were grouped in a separate subgroup of this group. Also in the phylogenetic tree, the Northeast isolates and the Fars and Kohgiloyeh & Boyer-Ahmad province isolates were classified in Group II.Conclusion: The results of this research indicate that the virus is endemic and that its likely origin was in Iran and then spread to other parts of the world. The impact of geographic segregation on the evolution of GFLV can also be deduced.
Rapeseed is one of the major oilseed crops worldwide. Owing to its high yield potential per unit area, its cultivation has expanded considerably over the past three decades in many countries, including Iran. Several soil-borne fungi can cause root and crown rot of rapeseed. This study was conducted to identify fungi associated with the roots and crowns of diseased rapeseed plants collected from fields in Lorestan Province, western Iran. Sixty-one samples were collected from the roots and crowns of diseased rapeseed plants in Mamulan, Khorramabad, and Selseleh counties of Lorestan Province, Iran, during the 2023–2024 growing season. Fungi were isolated and purified using selective culture media, and their morphological characteristics were examined. Molecular identification was performed by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1-α) genomic regions. Phylogenetic relationships between the obtained isolates and other species within the corresponding genera were subsequently determined. Based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses, four fungal species associated with diseased rapeseed roots and crowns in the study area were identified as Fusarium clavum, Bipolaris coffeana, Alternaria alternata, and Alternaria tenuissima. Fusarium clavum has previously been reported as a causal agent of root and crown rot of rapeseed in Iran. Bipolaris coffeana is reported for the first time from rapeseed in Lorestan Province. The results demonstrate that the integration of morphological characteristics with sequencing of the ITS and TEF1-α genomic regions provides a reliable and accurate approach for identifying species of Alternaria, Fusarium, and Bipolaris. The morphological characteristics of the identified fungi are described, and their phylogenetic relationships with other species within each genus are presented. The findings highlight the importance of continuous monitoring of soil-borne fungal pathogens in rapeseed-growing fields to facilitate their timely detection and effective disease management.
