Volume 7, Issue 2 (9-2018)
Plant Pathol. Sci. 2018, 7(2): 1-13 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Ahmadpour A. (2018). Review of Shot-Hole Disease of Stone-Fruit Trees. Plant Pathol. Sci.. 7(2), 1-13. doi:10.29252/pps.7.2.1
URL: http://yujs.yu.ac.ir/pps/article-1-245-en.html
URL: http://yujs.yu.ac.ir/pps/article-1-245-en.html
Higher Education Center Shahid Bakeri Miyandoab, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran , a.ahmadpour@urmia.ac.ir
Abstract: (8165 Views)
Ahmadpour A. 2018. Review of shot-hole disease of stone-fruit trees. Plant Pathology Science 7(2):1-13. DOI: 10.2982/PPS.7.2.1
Shot-hole caused by Stigmina carpophila , is an important disease of stone fruit trees worldwide including Iran. The pathogen produces sporodochia bearing sympodial conidiophores, bearing conidia which have often 3-5 cells. Pathogen has wide host range and can infect almost all species of the genus Prunus. The pathogen overwinters as mycelium in twig cankers and blighted buds or in it is associated with dormant buds. Temperature and duration of wetness are important factors on disease incidence and its severity. The pathogen penetrates the plant indirectly through stomata or directly with its appressoria. Because of the importance of shot hole disease in Iran, symptoms, morphological characteristics of the pathogen, epidemiological factors and methods of disease management are discussed in this review.
Shot-hole caused by Stigmina carpophila , is an important disease of stone fruit trees worldwide including Iran. The pathogen produces sporodochia bearing sympodial conidiophores, bearing conidia which have often 3-5 cells. Pathogen has wide host range and can infect almost all species of the genus Prunus. The pathogen overwinters as mycelium in twig cankers and blighted buds or in it is associated with dormant buds. Temperature and duration of wetness are important factors on disease incidence and its severity. The pathogen penetrates the plant indirectly through stomata or directly with its appressoria. Because of the importance of shot hole disease in Iran, symptoms, morphological characteristics of the pathogen, epidemiological factors and methods of disease management are discussed in this review.
References
1. Adaskaveg J. E. 1995. Conidial morphology, host colonization and development of shot hole of almond caused by Wilsonomyces carpophila. Canadian Journal of Botany 73:432‒444. [DOI:10.1139/b95-044]
2. Adaskaveg J. E., Ogawa J. M. and Butler E. E. 1990. Morphology and ontogeny of conidia in Stigmina carpophila, causal pathogen of shot hole disease of Prunus species. Mycotaxon 37:275‒290.
3. Ahmadpour A., Ghosta Y., Javan-Nikkhah M., Fatahi R. and Ghazanfari K. 2009. Isolation and pathogenicity tests of Iranian cultures of the shot hole pathogen of Prunus species, Wilsonomyces carpophila. Australasian Plant Disease Notes 4:133–134.
4. Ahmadpour A., Ghosta Y., Javan-Nikkhah M., Ghazanfari K. and Fatahi M. R. 2012. Study on morphology, pathogenicity and genetic diversity of Wilsonomyces carpophila isolates, the causal agent of shot hole of stone fruit trees based on RAPD-PCR in Iran. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection 45:2076–2086. [DOI:10.1080/03235408.2012.721072]
5. Ayub R. A., Assunção M. and Torres A. L. 2013. Reaction of genotypes of the nectarine (Prunus persica var. nucipersica) to leaf rust and shot hole, and the development of defoliation. Revista Ciência Agronômica 44:398–403. [DOI:10.1590/S1806-66902013000200024]
6. Bubici G., D'Amico M. and Cirulli M. 2010. Field reactions of plum cultivars to the shot-hole disease in southern Italy. Crop Protection 29:1396‒1400. [DOI:10.1016/j.cropro.2010.07.021]
7. García-Galavís P. A., Santamaría C., Jiménez-Bocanegra J. A., Casanova L. and Daza A. 2009. Susceptibility of several Japanese plum cultivars to pests and diseases in a newly established organic orchard. Scientia Horticulturae 123:210–216. [DOI:10.1016/j.scienta.2009.08.017]
8. Grantina-Ievina L. and Stanke L. 2015. Incidence and severity of leaf and fruit diseases of plums in Latvia. Communications in Agricultural and Applied Biological Sciences 80:421–433.
9. Grove G. G. 2002. Influence of temperature and wetness period on infection of cherry and peach foliage by Wilsonomyces carpophila. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology 24:40‒45. [DOI:10.1080/07060660109506969]
10. Highberg L. M. and Ogawa J. M. 1986a. Yield reduction in almond related to incidence of shot-hole disease. Plant Disease 70:825–828. [DOI:10.1094/PD-70-825]
11. Highberg L. M. and Ogawa J. M. 1986b. Survival of shot hole inoculum in association with dormant almond buds. Plant Disease 70:828‒831. [DOI:10.1094/PD-70-828]
12. Ivanová H., Kaločaiová M. and Bolvanský M. 2012. Shot-hole disease on Prunus persica– the morphology and biology of Stigmina carpophila. Folia Oecologica 39:21–27.
13. Marcuzzo L. L., Santos J. E., Marcuzzo L. L. and Santos J. E. 2017. Temporal progress of shot hole in different peach genotypes. Summa Phytopathologica 43:239–242. [DOI:10.1590/0100-5405/168152]
14. Marin-Felix Y., Groenewald J. Z., Cai L., Chen Q., Marincowitz S., Barnes I., Bensch K., Braun U., Camporesi E., Damm U., de Beer Z. W., Dissanayake A., Edwards J., Giraldo A., Hernández-Restrepo M., Hyde K. D., Jayawardena R. S., Lombard L., Luangsa-Ard J., McTaggart A. R., Rossman A. Y., Sandoval-Denis M., Shen M., Shivas R. G., Tan Y.P., van der Linde E.J., Wingfield M. J., Wood A. R., Zhang J. Q., Zhang Y. and Crous P. W. 2017. Genera of phytopathogenic fungi: GOPHY 1. Studies in Mycology 86:99–216. [DOI:10.1016/j.simyco.2017.04.002]
15. McDonald B. A. 1997. The population genetics of fungi: Tools and Techniques. Phytopathology 87:448‒453. [DOI:10.1094/PHYTO.1997.87.4.448]
16. Milgroom M. G. 2015. Population Biology of Plant Pathogens: Genetics, Ecology, and Evolution. APS Press, Minnesota, USA, 399p.
17. Nabi A., Shah M. U. D., Padder B. A., Dar M. S. and Ahmad M. 2018. Morpho-cultural, pathological and molecular variability in Thyrostroma carpophilum causing shot hole of stone fruits in India. European Journal of Plant Pathology (In press). [DOI:10.1007/s10658-017-1398-z]
18. Ogawa J. M., Zehr E. I., Bird G. W., Ritchie D. F., Uriu K. and Uyemoto J. K. 1995. Compendium of Stone Fruit Diseases. APS Press, Minnesota, USA, 98p.
19. Romanazzi G., Murolo S. and Branzanti B. 2005. Resistance of sweet cherry to Coryneum and cherry leaf spot. Phytopathology 95:S90.
20. Shaw D. A., Adaskaveg J. E. and Ogawa J. M. 1990. Influence of wetness period and temperature on infection and development of shot hole disease of almond caused by Wilsonomyces carpophila. Phytopathology 80:749‒756. [DOI:10.1094/Phyto-80-749]
21. Teviotdale B. L., Goodell N. and Harper D. 1997. Abscission and kernel quality of almond fruit inoculated with the shot hole pathogen Wilsonomyces carpophila. Plant Disease 81:1454‒1458.
33. Tovar-Pedraza J. M., Ayala-Escobar V. and Segura-León O. L. 2013. Thyrostroma carpophilum causing apricot shot-hole in Mexico. Australasian Plant Disease Notes 8:31–33.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13314-013-0089-7 [DOI:10.1094/PDIS.1997.81.12.1454]
22. Tutida I., Mio L. L. M. D. and Motta A. C. V. 2007. Incidence and severity of shot hole in plum's leaves related in to nitrogen and potassium doses. Ciência Rural 37:1227‒1234. [DOI:10.1590/S0103-84782007000500002]
23. Yousefi A. and Hajian Shahri M. 2014. Shot hole disease, survival and pathogenicity of the causal agent on stone fruit trees in Northeast Iran. Journal Crop Protection 3:563–571.
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
