Volume 6, Issue 2 ((Autumn & Winter) 2020)
Iranian J. Seed Res. 2020, 6(2): 137-149 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Aminifard M H, Bayat H. (2020). Evaluation of Seed Germination and Seedling Growth Characteristics of Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annuum) Under Salinity and Drought Treatment. Iranian J. Seed Res.. 6(2), : 10 doi:10.29252/yujs.6.2.137
URL: http://yujs.yu.ac.ir/jisr/article-1-354-en.html
URL: http://yujs.yu.ac.ir/jisr/article-1-354-en.html
University of Birjand , mh.aminifard@birjand.ac.ir
Abstract: (8530 Views)
Extended abstract
Introduction: Pepper (Capsicum annum L.), which belongs to the solanaceae family, is one of the most important vegetable and garden products. Due to its nutritional value, its use tends to rise all over the world. Germination and seed emergence are strongly influenced by environmental stresses such as salinity and drought. Drought stress affects various aspects of plant growth. It reduces germination, delays vegetative growth and reduces dry matter in the plant. Salinity stress, as an environmental stress, is a limiting factor for the growth and development of crops and garden production.
Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted to evaluate the impact of drought and salinity stress on seed germination characteristics of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) in two separate experiments, using a completely randomized design with three replications in the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand in 2016. PEG 6000 was used for drought stress and NaCl, for salinity stress. The treatments included drought and salinity stress levels (0, -2, -4, -6, -8, -10 and -12 bars). Seeds were disinfected with sodium hypochlorite (2%) solution for 1 minute, and were then washed with distilled water. The medium was petri dishes with a diameter of 9 cm. 25 seeds were placed on two layers of filter papers in each dish. 5 ml of distilled water or solution was added to each petri dish. The measured traits were germination percentage, germination rate, seed vigor index, radicle length, plumule length, ratio of radicle length to plumule length and dry weight of radical and plumule.
Results: The results indicated that salinity and drought stress had significant effects on seed germination characteristics of sweet pepper so that salinity stress with osmotic potential of -10 and -12 bar decreased the germination of sweet pepper and reached zero. Increasing salinity stress from zero to -12 bar decreased germination percentage, germination rate and seedling dry weight by 43.75, 41.67 and 93.46%, respectively. The results indicated that with increases in both salinity and drought stress, seed vigor index decreased significantly. The results showed that with increasing drought and salinity stress from 0 to -12 bar, seed vigor index decreased 96.58 and 100 percent, respectively.
Conclusions: The results of this study showed that the tolerance of sweet pepper to salinity stress was higher than its tolerance to drought stress at the germination stage, but for more accurate evaluation, it is necessary to conduct additional experiments in the field and in the greenhouse.
Highlights:
1- Investigation and comparison of germination and seedling growth of sweet peppers under salinity and drought stress.
2- Salinity and drought stress reduce germination indicators of Capsicum annuum.
Article number: 10
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Seed Physiology
Received: 2018/05/31 | Revised: 2021/03/13 | Accepted: 2018/10/15 | ePublished: 2020/05/2
Received: 2018/05/31 | Revised: 2021/03/13 | Accepted: 2018/10/15 | ePublished: 2020/05/2
References
1. Alebrahim, M.T., Sabaghnia, N., Ebadi, A. and Moheboldini, M. 2005. Study of drought and salinity stress on germination of common thyme (Thymus vulgaris). Journal of Research in Agricultural Science, 1: 13-19.
2. Bagheri, M., Yeganeh, H., Esfahan, E.Z. and Savadroodbari, M.B. 2011. Effects of water stress on seed germination of Thymus koteschanus Boiss. and Thymus daenensis Celak. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 8(4): 726-731.
3. Bajji, M., Kine, J.M. and lutts, S. 2002. Osmotic and ionic effects of NaCl on germination early seedling growth, and ion content of Atripelex halimus. Canadian Journal of Botany, 80(3): 297-304. [DOI:10.1139/b02-008]
4. Dolatabadian, A., Sanavy, S.A.M.M. and Chashmi, N.A. 2008. The effects of foliar application of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) on antioxidant enzymes activities, lipid peroxidation and proline accumulation of canola (Brassica napus L.) under conditions of salt stress. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 194(3): 206-213. [DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.2008.00301.x]
5. Elias, S.G. and Copeland, L.O. 2001. Physiological and harvest maturity of canola in relation to seed quality. Agronomy Journal, 93(5): 1054-1058. [DOI:10.2134/agronj2001.9351054x]
6. Farooq, M., Wahid, A., Kobayashi, N., Fujita, D. and Basra, S.M.A. 2009. Plant drought stress: effects, mechanisms and management. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 29: 185-212. [DOI:10.1051/agro:2008021]
7. Greenway, H., and Munns, R. 1980. Mechanism of salt tolerance in nonhalophytes. Annual Review of Plant Physiology, 31(1): 141-190. [DOI:10.1146/annurev.pp.31.060180.001053]
8. Hosseini, H. and Rezvani Moghadam, P. 2006. Effect of water and salinity stress in seed germination on Isabgol (Plantago ovata). Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 4: 15-22. [In Persian with English Summary].
9. Keshavarz Afshar, R., Keykhah, M., Chaeichi, M.R. and Ansari, M. 2013. Effect of different levels of salinity and drought stress on seed germination characteristics and seedling growth of forage turnip (Brassica rapa L.). Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science, 43(4): 661-671. [In Persian with English Summary].
10. Lynch, J. and Lauchli, A. 1988. Salinity affects intracellular calcium in corn root protoplasts. Plant Physiology, 87: 351-356. [DOI:10.1104/pp.87.2.351] [PMID] [PMCID]
11. Li, Y.L., Liu, Y.L., Chen, Q. and Bian, A.H. 2002. Thermotolerance related to antioxidation induced by salicylic acid and heat hardening in tall fescue seedlings. Acta Photophysiologica Sinica, 28(2): 89-95.
12. Manaa, A., Mimouni, H., Terras, A., Chebil, F., Wasti, S., Gharbi, E. and Ahmed, H. 2014. Superoxide dismutase isozyme activity and antioxidant responses of hydroponically cultured Lepidium sativum L. to NaCl stress. Journal of Plant Interactions, 9(1): 440-449. [DOI:10.1080/17429145.2013.850596]
13. Mansoori Shavazi, M., Hakim Zade, M.A., Zare Ernani, M., Zare Chahouki, M.A. and Mosleh Arany, A. 2010. Study of effect of drought and salt stress on seed germination of Anabasis calcarea. Arid Biome, 1: 75-82. [In Persian with English Summary].
14. Marchner, H. 1995. Mineral nutrition of higher plants. Second reprint, Academic Press, San Diego, CA, USA, pp. 6-73.
15. Michel, B.E. and Kaufman, M.R. 1973. The osmotic potential of polyethylene glycol 6000. Plant Physiology, 51: 914-916. [DOI:10.1104/pp.51.5.914] [PMID] [PMCID]
16. Moscone, E.A., Scaldaferro, M., Grabiele, N.M. and Ehrendorfer, F. 2006. The evolution of chili peppers (Capsicum- Solanaceae): a cytogenetic perspective. In VI International Solanaceae Conference: Genomics Meets Biodiversity, 745: 137-170. [DOI:10.17660/ActaHortic.2007.745.5]
17. Muller, K., Job, C., Belghazi, M., Job, D. and Leubner-Metzger, G. 2010. Proteomics reveal tissue-specific features of the cress (Lepidium sativum L.) endosperm cap proteome and its hormone-induced changes during seed germination. Proteomics, 10: 406-416. [DOI:10.1002/pmic.200900548] [PMID]
18. Nafees, A., Shabina, S., Asim, M., Rahat, N. and Noushina, I. 2010. Application of salicylic acid increases contents of nutrients and antioxidative metabolism in mungbean and alleviates adverse effects of salinity stress. International Journal of Plant Biology, 1(1): 235-241. [DOI:10.4081/pb.2010.e1]
19. Niu, X., Bressan, R.A., Hasegawa, P.M. and Pardo, J.M. 1995. Ion homeostasis in NaCl stress environment. Plant Physiology, 109: 735- 742. [DOI:10.1104/pp.109.3.735] [PMID] [PMCID]
20. Omidi, H. 2010. Changes of proline content and activity of antioxidative enzymes in two canola genotype under drought stress. American Journal of Plant Physiology, 5(6): 338-349. [DOI:10.3923/ajpp.2010.338.349]
21. Ommolbanin, E., Mohammad Esmaili, M., Sabouri, H. and Tahmasbi, A. 2012. Effects of salinity and drought stress on germination two species of Agropyron elongatum, Agropyron desertrum. Desert Ecosystem Engineering Journal, 1: 31-38. [In Persian with English Summary].
22. Pace, F., Cralle, H.T., El-Halawany, S.H.M., Cothren, J.T. and Senseman, S.A. 1999. Drought-induced changes in shoot and root growth of young cotton plants. The Journal of Cotton Science, 3(4): 183-187.
23. Ruan, S. 2002. The influence of priming on germination of rice seeds and seedling emergence and performance in flooded soil. Seed Science and Technology, 30(1): 61-67.
24. Serrano, R., Macia, F.C. and Moreno, V. 1999. Genetic engineering of salt and drought tolerance with yeast regulatory genes. Scientia Horticulturea, 78(1): 261-269. [DOI:10.1016/S0304-4238(98)00196-4]
25. Smith, D., Stommel, J.R., Fung, R.W.M., Wang, C.Y. and Whitaker, B.D. 2006. Influence of cultivar and harvest method on postharvest storage quality of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) fruit. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 42(3): 243-247. [DOI:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2006.06.013]
26. Tamartash, R., Shokrian, F. and Kargar, M. 2010. Effects of salinity and drought stress on Trifolium alexanderium L. seed germination properties. Rangeland, 4: 288-297.
27. Tavili, A., Ghanbari, N. and Yazdanshenas, H. 2015. The effect of drought and salinity stress on seed germination characteristic and seedling growth of Salsola crassa under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Research, 2: 15-25. [In Persian with English Summary].
28. Tobe, K., Li, M.X. and Omasa, K. 2004. Effects of five different salts on seed germination and seedling growth of Haloxylonam modendron (Chenopodiaceae). Seed Science Research, 14(4): 345-353. [DOI:10.1079/SSR2004188]
29. Trautwein, E.A., Reickhoff, D. and Erbershobler, H.F. 1997. The cholesterol- lowering effect of Psyllium a source dietary fiber. Ernhurung Umschau, 44: 214-216.
30. Ulfat, M., Athar, H., Ashraf, M., Akram, N. A. and Jamil, A. 2007. Appraisal of physiological and biochemical selection criteria for evaluation of salt tolerance in canola (Brassica napus L.). Pakistan Journal of Botany, 39(5): 1593-1608.
31. Ungar, I.A. 1995. Seed germination and seed-bank ecology in halophytes. In Seed development and germination. Routledge. New York. pp: 599- 628. [DOI:10.1201/9780203740071-23]
32. Unlukara, A., Kurunc, A. and Cemek, B. 2015. Green long pepper growth under different saline and water regime conditions and usability of water consumption in plant salt tolerance. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 21: 167- 176. [DOI:10.1501/Tarimbil_0000001318]
33. Yazdani Biuki, R.R., Rezvani Moghaddam, P., Khazaie, H.R., Ghorbani, R. and Astaraei, A. R. 2010. Effects of salinity and drought stresses on germination characteristics of milk thistle (Silybum marianum). Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 1: 12-19. [In Persian with English Summary].
34. Zeinali, E., Soltani, A. and Galeshi, S. 2002. Response of germination components to salinity stress in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Iranian Journal of Agricultural Science, 33: 137-145. [In Persian with English Summary].
35. Ziaf, K., Amjad, M., Aslampervez, M., Iqbal, Q., Rajwana, I.A. and Ayyub, M. 2009. Evaluation of different growth and physiological traits as indices of salt tolerance in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Pakistanian Journal of Botany, 41(4): 1797-1809.
36. Zirehzad, M., Shahin, M. and Tohidi, M. 2009. The effect of salt and drought stresses on germination of Thyme. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 1: 61-70. [In Persian with English Summary].
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
