Khezri M, Allahyari Igdir S, Aghazadeh Soureh Z (2021) Tomato bacterial diseases in West Azerbaijan province of Iran. Plant Pathology Science 10(1):86-96. Doi: 10.2982/PPS.10.1.86.
Introduction: Tomato is one of the most important and most widely consumed vegetable in the world. Tomato also is one of the most important products in West Azerbaijan Province of Iran, which plays an important role in the province's agricultural economy. Accurate bacterial disease diagnosis is the first and most important step in designation methods of disease management. Materials and Methods: Tomato farms in the suburbs of the province cities were visited and diseased plants were sampled. Bacteria were isolated and purified from patient tissues and identified based on phenotypic and molecular characteristics. The bacterial pathogenicity test was performed according to Koch principles. Results: Tomato bacterial pathogens in this province include Clavibactermichiganensis subsp. michiganensis, Xanthomonas vesicatoria, Pseudomonassyringae pv. tomato, P.syringae pv. syringae and Dickya chrysanthemi, agents of bacterial canker, bacterial spot, bacterial speck, syringe leaf spot and soft stem rot. Disease symptoms, phenotypic and molecular properties of pathogenic bacteria, previous reports on these bacteria from Iran and their distribution in different regions of West Azerbaijan Province are presented. Conclusion: These bacteria, with the exception of the tomato bacterial canker agent, are reported for the first time from West Azerbaijan province.
Tahereh Soleimani, Mojtaba Keykhasaber, Mohammad Ali Aghajani, Mahdi Pirnia, Leila Fahmideh, Volume 14, Issue 1 (2-2025)
Abstract
Rice is a major food crop in Asia. Fungal diseases such as root, collar, and stem rot, as well as leaf sheath blight, are common in most rice-growing regions of Iran and cause significant economic losses. This study was conducted to identify the fungal pathogens responsible for these diseases in Golestan Province, which ranks third in rice production in the country. Identifying these pathogens provides a foundation for implementing effective management strategies and improving crop yield. Samples showing symptoms of root and stem rot and leaf sheath blight were collected from rice fields across various locations in Golestan Province. Fungi were isolated from diseased tissues using water agar and potato dextrose agar media and then purified. For precise molecular identification, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the tef1-α and ITS-rRNA gene regions with the primers EF1728F/EF1-986R and ITS5/ITS4, respectively. Pathogenicity tests were conducted on rice seedlings under greenhouse conditions. Based on morphological, molecular, and pathogenicity analyses, the following fungal pathogens were identified in the diseased samples: Ceratorhiza hydrophila, Fusarium andiyazi, F. incarnatum, and Rhizoctonia solani. This is the first report of C. hydrophila, F. andiyazi, and F. incarnatum occurring in rice fields in this province.
