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Showing 5 results for Hybrid
Fusarium Ear Rot Disease of Maize
Vahid Rahjoo , Majid Zamani ,
Volume 1, Issue 2 (9-2012)
Abstract
Fusarium ear rot is one of the most important diseases of corn in Iran. This disease cause by Fusarium moniliforme fungus. Its symptoms are pink to red spots on ear, cause it completely rot and eventually loss of yield quantity and quality. Identification and cultivation resistant or semi-resistant corn hybrids is the best management method of this disease. Artificial infection of maize hybrids with fungal suspension of causal agent is an affective method to study their reactions, determine base on disease severity index (%DS). According to research conducted in Iran, between 12 planting hybrids, 2 hybrids K3493 / 1 × K18 and KLM 77029/8-1-2-3-2-3 × MO17 are resistant, and 9 are semi- resistant . With extension, cultivation of these hybrids, can manage the disease and increase the quality and quantity of maize hoped.
DNA Microarrays Technology and its Applications in Plant Pathology
Banafshe Safaie Farahani , Reza Mostowfizadeh-Ghalamfarsa,
Volume 2, Issue 1 (3-2013)
Abstract
DNA microarrays technology is a method for studying the gene expression in large scale, based on investigations of probes and targets hybridization. This technology can also be used for identification of different organisms. DNA microarrays are a set of probes linked to a solid phase as microscopic spots. After hybridization of targets to probes, hybridization level is calculated by means of different methods such as measuring refulgence of fluorescent dyes to determine gene expression level. A microarray examination has different steps: making DNA chips, preparing targets, performing hybridization, and gathering and analyzing data. DNA microarrays technology can be used in different fields of plant pathology such as identification of different species of fungi, bacteria, nematodes and viruses, and to study plant-pathogen interaction.
Phytophthora spp. Interspecific Hybrids and Their Danger for Agriculture
Banafsheh Safaiefarahani, Reza Mostowfizadeh-Ghalamfarsa,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (2-2017)
Abstract

Safaiefarahani B. & Mostowfizadeh-Ghalamfarsa  R. 2017. Phytophthora spp. interspecific hybrids and their danger for agriculture. Plant Pathology Science 6(1): 33-46.

Interspecific hybridization is an important evolutionary process contributing to adaptation and speciation. During the last decade, advances in the molecular taxonomy techniques have led to increasing the number of descriptors interspecific hybrids in the genus Phytophthora. In Phytophthora hybrids, inheriting and recombining genes from both parents may result in increased aggressiveness and broader host range compared with either parent. Some Phytophthora natural hybrids have also been reported in Iran to date. Consequently, identification, pathogenicity and host range tests of these hybrids as well as preventing the formation of new hybrids before experiencing large economic losses are recommended for management of plant diseases caused by this fungal-like organisms.


Relative levels of resistance to bacterial canker in Iranian apricot hybrids
Roghayeh Mohammadi, Mansureh Keshavarzi, Nader Hassanzadeh, Jalil Dejampour, Afagh Farhadnezhad,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (9-2021)
Abstract
Mohammadi R, Keshavarzi M, Hassanzadeh N, Dejampour J, Farhadnejad A (2021) Relative resistance levels to bacterial canker in Iranian apricot hybrids. Plant Pathology Science 10(2):15-29.  Doi: 10.2982/PPS.10.2.15.
 
Introduction: Bacterial canker caused by Pseudomonas syringae is one of the most damaging diseases in apricots. This experiment was conducted to evaluate relative resistance to the disease in 22 selected local apricot hybrids including AD507, AD405, and HS731 which were recently released as Jalil, Parsi and Shanli. Material and Methods: Evaluation methods included artificial inoculation of two-year-old seedlings in an orchard and of cut shoots in the laboratory. Initially, the pathovar identity of localP. syringae strains were determined using LOPAT and GATTa tests and three isolates were used as inoculum. The inoculation was done in the seedling stem and after one year and 1.5 years, canker length was recorded. Result: The pathovar of all isolates was identified as P. syringae pv. syringae. The longest and shortest cankers were observed in AD1033 and AC113 with averages of 34.76 mm and 8.35 mm, respectively. The cut shoot bioassay was not practical for apricots. The hybrids were classified into four groups including highly resistant, resistant, moderately resistant, and susceptible. Conclusion: AD1033, AD1042, AD940, AD811, HS210, DM101, HS203 have been classified as susceptible and should not be used in breeding programs and orchard establishment/replacement. Jalil, Parsi, and Shanli were rated as resistant, and moderately resistant, respectively.

Agronomic traits of twenty-one resistant, semi-resistant and susceptible chickpea genotypes to blight disease
Shina Soleymani, Zahra Tahmasebi, Ali Asherf Mehrabi, Homayoun Kanouni,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (9-2021)
Abstract
Soleymani SH, Tahmasebi Z, Asherf Mehrabi A, Kanouni M (2021). Agronomic traits of twenty-one resistant, semi-resistant and susceptible chickpea genotypes to blight disease. Plant Pathology Science 10(2): 82-92.  Doi: 10.2982/PPS.10.2.82.
 
Introduction: Blight caused by Ascochyta rabiei is the most destructive disease of chickpea worldwide. Identification of agronomic and morphological properties of disease-resistant cultivars is necessary to set up a suitable chickpea breeding program. Materials and Methods: Twelve agronomic and morphological properties of 21 resistant, semi-resistant, and susceptible chickpea genotypes were investigated in a field experiment in a randomized complete block design with six replications in one agronomic year in western Iran. Results: All genotypes were divided into three main clusters based on the UPGMA dendrogram. The lowest yielding genotypes were located in cluster II and IDDMAR-2012-32 genotype was susceptible to disease and desi-type in this cluster. The genotypes with the highest yield were placed in cluster III, and the genotype Gebres 419-2 was resistant to the disease and the desi-type in this cluster. Among the Kabuli-type genotypes, ILC482 was included in cluster III as a high-yielding and semi-disease-resistant cultivar, and low-yielding FLIp-02-65C and FLIp-01-164C lines along with disease resistance were included in cluster I. Conclusion: Gebres 419-2 can be crossed with FLIp-02-65C or FLIp-01-164C to produce robust, high-yielding Kabuli chickpea varieties with large seeds.

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