Eng. Masoumeh Haghdel, Dr Amir Hossein Mohammadi, Dr Mohammad Moradi, Dr Reza Heidarian, Volume 14, Issue 2 (4-2025)
Abstract
Pistachio production, as a strategic product with high economic value, plays a significant role in the agricultural economy of Iran. However, the sustainable production of this product faces numerous challenges, including diseases, one of the most important of which is theDieback disease of pistachio trees. Pistachio tree dieback, a serious and spreading disease in pistachio orchards, has been intensified by climate change, reduced quality and quantity of irrigation water, and improper orchard management, making it a major challenge in pistachio orchards. Dieback is a complex physiological-pathological disorder that is accompanied by symptoms such as drying of the branches and a severe reduction in yield, ultimately leading to tree death and causing significant economic losses. The fungus Paecilomyces formosus, along with abiotic factors such as water stress, soil salinity, nutrient deficiencies, and environmental stresses, plays a significant role in the occurrence and severity of dieback in pistachio trees. Successful management of dieback requires the precise and timely identification of the causal agents and the coordinated implementation of an integrated management program based on prevention, strengthening trees, and targeted control of pathogenic factors.
