The management of plant diseases using eco-friendly approaches has gained particular importance in sustainable agriculture for reducing dependence on chemical inputs. Vermicompost and its derivatives, including vermicompost tea and vermiwash, improve soil health and plant growth through bioactive compounds derived from earthworms and large populations of beneficial microorganisms, which effectively suppress plant pathogenic fungi, bacteria, and nematodes. Research evidence has demonstrated that these products can reduce the severity of diseases such as Fusarium wilt, bacterial canker, and root-knot nematodes while enhancing seedling growth parameters. The quality of vermicompost and its derivatives is influenced by factors such as raw materials, degree of maturation, and production methods; appropriate selection of these factors enhances their efficacy in pathogen control. The synergistic benefits of bioactive compounds and beneficial microbiota make vermicompost an effective tool for reducing chemical pesticide use and increasing agricultural productivity. Expanding production, farmer education, and supportive policies can further strengthen the role of these products in promoting sustainable agriculture by providing a practical strategy to improve plant health, mitigate diseases, and protect the environment.
