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Frocasting and monitoring system of date palm bunch feding in Khozestan province
Masoud Latifian, Esmaeil Rahkhodaei,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (3-2020)
Abstract
Latifian M , Rahkhodaei E (2020) Frocasting and monitoring system of date palm bunch feding in Khozestan province. Plant Pathology Science 9(1):40-56.   DOI: 10.2982/PPS.9.1.40.
 
 Introduction: Bunch feding is an important injurious disease of date palm. Materials and Methods: This research was carried out to its descsion making system in Abadan-Khoramshhar, Shadegan, Ahwaz, Mahshar and Behbehan regions of Khozestan province by climatic and geoststistical models from 2012 to 2016. Samples were taken randomly from 10 trees located in one date palm orchards of any villages Results:Results showed that the disease damage reached to the peak values in September. Forecasting model of damage factors have been significant at level 1 and 5 percent. Variography of distributions on different sites were calculated that the model nuggets for date palm bunch feding in Abadan - Khoramshhar, Shadegan, Ahwaz, Mahshar and Behbehan regions were 1.6, 1.7, 0.15, 0.51 and 2.5 kilometers respectively. These results show that errors of the damage estimation were low at the distances less than whithin sampling sapace. Effective ranges of variograms were 4.1. 12.9, 4.7, 1.9 and 11.06 respectively which indicated the date palm bunch feding distribution in region. Sill of models were 0.49, 0.76, 0.37, 0.31, and 0.51 respectively that at the distances more than these thresholds, correlations between the injury data were at the lowest level and could be monitored. Conclusion: The results of this study
were the basic steps in creating a decision making system in date palm protection network. According to the results of this research, the bunch feding damge can be properly monitored, forecasted and controlled before the maximum damage occurs.
Fusarium wilt disease of date palm
Azadeh Goudarzi,
Volume 12, Issue 1 (3-2023)
Abstract
Goudarzi, A. (2023). Fusarium wilt disease of date palm. Plant Pathology Science, 12(1), 64-73.       
Abstract
Fusarium wilt disease is known as one of the most destructive and fatal diseases of date trees in many date-producing areas of the world, especially date-producing countries in Africa. Currently, a significant portion of date orchards in Morocco and the western and central Sahara of Algeria are affected by Fusarium wilt disease. The economic losses caused by Fusarium wilt disease of dates, especially in the incidence of severe epidemics, are significant. Over the past century, the disease has killed more than 12 million palm trees in Morocco and about three million palm trees in Algeria. Fusarium oxysporum (Schltdl.) f. sp. albedinis, a soil-borne vascular pathogen, is known to cause Fusarium wilt disease of dates. The economic losses caused by this disease are very significant, especially in the incidence of severe epidemics, and in some areas, the Fusarium wilt epidemic has destroyed more than 70% of the date fruits. Integrated disease management strategies include the use of resistant or tolerant cultivars, prevention of introduction of the disease causal agent into disease-free areas, eradication of the disease, biological control and chemical control. This disease has not been reported from date-producing areas of Iran, although similar symptoms to Fusarium wilt have been observed in some date orchards of Hormozgan province.

Evaluation of the possibility of determining genetic diversity of Mauginiella scaettae isolates using UP-PCR
Hamid Alvanipour, Mohammad Javan-Nikkhah, Heshmatollah Aminian, Khalil Alami-Saeid, Karim Sorkheh,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (9-2024)
Abstract

The fungus Mauginiella scaettae is the causative agent of the destructive Khamej disease (inflorescence rot) common in various date palm cultivation areas. UP-PCR is one of the DNA fingerprinting methods with high reproducibility and specificity. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of DNA amplification with UP-PCR primers and the feasibility of studying the genetic diversity of M. scaettae isolates using this marker. Date palm inflorescences with Khamej disease symptoms were sampled in Khuzestan and Fars provinces. The purified isolates were identified based on morphological characteristics and confirmed by amplification and sequencing of the ITS-nrDNA genomic region. Three primer pairs UP-15/19, UP-21 and UP-45 were used to investigate the possibility of amplification and determine the genetic diversity among the fungal isolates. Five isolates of M. scaettae were obtained from three cities: Abadan, Karun and Behbahan in Khuzestan province and one sample from Kazerun in Fars province. The isolates were obtained from four date palm cultivars: Sayer, Khazravi, Khasi and Zahedi. Constructing of phylogenetic tree based on ITS sequences confirmed that the isolate belonged to M. scaettae fungus with 100% bootstrap values. Examination of the UP-PCR marker amplification results showed that the highest number of observed bands was related to the UP15 primer and the lowest number of bands was related to the UP45 primer. Band diversity was observed between the UP-PCR primers used, but genetic diversity was not observed among the five M. scaettae isolates in any of the three UP-PCR primers and the banding pattern of the isolates was similar for each primer. The reason for the failure to detect genetic diversity between isolates of this pathogen using these primers and the marker could be due to their close genetic relationship.
 

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