Showing 9 results for Phytophthora
Abbas Salahi Ardakani,
Volume 1, Issue 2 (9-2012)
Abstract
Citrus gummosis disease cause canker accompanied by gum exudates, crown and root rot, twig dieback, and decline of citrus trees. This disease has been reported from Khuzestan and Fars provinces, now infected by in parts of Kohgiluyeh and Boyerahmad province (southwest Iran), namely: Molabarfi, Bidestan, Posht-e-koh, Tol-e-mavizi, Bidzard, Chaharbish-e-olia and Chaharbish-e-sofla from Gachsaran town and Cheshm-e-belghis, Dehborji, Spar and Marin from Kohgiluyeh town. Sour lemon, sweet lemon, big sour lemon and orange were more infected respectively. Pathogen identified as Phytophthora nicotianae. As it is epidemic in this province for planting diseased seedlings, incorrect planting method, stalk sensitivity, incorrect irrigation method, can manage by planting healthy certified seedlings on sour orange stalk, correction planting and irrigation methods, chemical control, and biological control with antagonistic fungi or bacteria.
Fariba Ghaderi,
Volume 1, Issue 2 (9-2012)
Abstract
Root and crown rot is an important disease in Kohgiluyeh and Boyerahmad province peach orchards. Its signs are wilting, general weakness, loss of foliage and sometimes sudden wilt and death of the tree. To isolate the pathogen, used corn meal-agar with antibiotics, Delvasid, Ampicillin and rifampicin medium. Pathogen is Phytophthora cactorum. For pathogenesis test, 2 inoculation methods, to a tree branch or contaminated soil around the roots and crown of seedling is used. Inoculation roots and crowns of seedlings and saplings of six varieties of peaches with this pathogen, showed that Takheh is resistant, Alberta, Redhoon and Mashhad red peach are semi-resistant, Angiri and J.H.Hill are sensitive to the disease
Omid Shenavar, Reza Mostowfizadeh-Ghalamfarsa,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (9-2015)
Abstract
Shenavar O. & Mostowfizadeh-Ghalamfarsa R. 2015. Computerized interactive keys for identification of fungi. Plant Pathology Science 4(2):41-52
Accurate identification of fungi and fungus-like organisms is one of the most important steps for finding an approach to employ or control them. Nevertheless, this process is usually laborious and slow. Application of interactive keys is one of the ways to save the time and have an accurate identification of the species. An interactive key is a computer program in which the user enters morphological or molecular attributes of the specimen and the program compares them with the data of its database to find a match species with the highest similarity. Such keys also allocate separate images and other data for any known species. In this paper some of the interactive identification keys and their function is discussed.
Najmeh Moradi, Mehdi Sadravi,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (9-2017)
Abstract
Sadravi M. & Moradi N. 2017. Four important oak trees diseases in Iran. Plant Pathology Science 6(2):14-23.
Zagros Mountains in the west of Iran and some areas in the north of Iran are covered by oak trees. Four important diseases of Iranian oak trees are charcoal rot, chestnut blight, sudden death and powdery mildew. The symptoms of these diseases and the characteristics of pathogens as well as their prevalence are described in this article. Some strategies for protecting the oak trees from these diseases are also proposed here.
Mohammad Abbasi Domshahri, Reza Ghaderi,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (3-2019)
Abstract
Abbasi Domshahri M. and Ghaderi R. 2019. Causal agents of citrus trees decline in Fars province .
Plant Pathology Science 8(1):15-23. DOI: 10.2982/PPS.8.1.15.
During recent years, citrus trees decline has becoming one of the most important factors of limiting the area of citrus orchards in the south of Iran including Fars province. Different biotic and abiotic agents were attributed to citrus decline worldwide, but it appears that some abiotic stresses including soil drought, and soil or water salinity, as well as some infectious diseases including gummosis, dieback, citrus nematode and witch’s broom are more important in Fars province. This is an attempt to gather information of the potential agents of complex diseases known as “citrus trees decline”, as well as, discussion on management strategies of citrus decline in Fars province.
Seyed Reza Fani, Mohammad Moradi, Mansoureh Mirabolfathy,
Volume 8, Issue 2 (9-2019)
Abstract
Fani S R, Moradi M and Mirabolfathy M (2019) A review of the pistachio gummosis disease. Plant Pathology Science 8(2):16-30. DOI:10.2982/PPS.8.2.16
Iranian Pistachio is one of the most important horticultural product in export market. Crown and root rot caused by Phytophthora species is the most serious disease of plant, which annually destroys a considerable number of mature and young trees. This disease has been reported from all provinces of Iran. The pathogen is soil-borne and is distributed by sporangia or the released zoospores and infects the healthy trees. In the most Pistachio orchards, the key factors of disease development are the sensitivity of pistachio crown to Phytophthora and the flooding method of irrigation. The symptoms of the disease are include blight in early spring, drying of the green leaves during the growing season, gum exudation from the crown of tree and the root rot. Gummosis can be successfully controlled by integrated disease management including orchard constructing in non-infected areas, using resistant or tolerant cultivars, using healthy rootstocks, improving the irrigation methods and avoiding the direct contact of water with tree crown, isolating the contaminated parts of the orchard from the healthy parts, using suitable fungicide, and biological control based on Trichoderma and Bacillus species.
Fariba Ghaderi,
Volume 8, Issue 2 (9-2019)
Abstract
Ghaderi F (2019) Incidence of root and crown rot disease of black cumin in the southwest of Iran. Plant Pathology Science 8(2):1-8. DOI: 10.2982/PPS.8.2.1
Introduction: Black cumin, an annual flowering plant in the family Ranunculaceae, is a medicinal herb with many pharmacological properties. Crown and root rot disease of this plant has been reported in most countries worldwide. This study was conducted to investigate the occurrence of this disease and identifying the causal agent in southwest of Iran. Materials and Methods: Black cumin farms were visited in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province and southwest of Iran. Plants with crown and root rot were sampled. Pieces of infected root and crown were washed with tap water, dry blotted and plated on CMA-PARP. In total, 17 isolates of two different fungus-like species were isolated from rotted root and crown. Species identification was done based on morphological characteristics and temperature requirement. Pathogenicity test of the isolates were done on 3-week-old seedlings of Baft cultivar under greenhouse condition. Results: Eleven isolates were identified as Pythium aphanidermatum and six isolates as Phytophthora drechsleri. Both of these fungus-like species were pathogenic on the tested black cumin variety. Conclusion: Crown and root rot disease is present in the farms of black cumin in the southwest of Iran. The causal agents of this disease were identified as Pythium aphanidermatum and Phytophthora drechsleri. The black cumin cultivar Baft is susceptible to these pathogens.
Aminallah Tahmasebi, Mohamad Hamed Ghodoum Parizipour,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (3-2020)
Abstract
Tahmasebi A, GhodoumParizipour MH (2020) The role of brassinosteroid hormones in plant response to pathogens. Plant Pathology Science 9(1):108-117. DOI: 10.2982/PPS.9.1.108.
Plants are usually attacked by several pathogens. Different defense pathways in plants have evolved in reaction to pathogens. Plant defense responses have been shown to be regulated by various plant hormones. Brassinosteroids are plant-specific steroid hormones that play important roles in regulating growth and developmental processes. In addition to acting as a regulator of plant growth, they also play a role in defense responses to pathogens. Many researches have been done on their role in plant resistance to fungi, bacteria and viruses, which are described in this article. Further understanding of the role of these hormones in plant defense responses can be useful in inducing resistance or producing plants resistant to pathogens.
Fariba Ghaderi, Seyed Ali Asghar Hashemi,
Volume 11, Issue 2 (9-2022)
Abstract
Ghaderi F, Hasehemi SAA (2022) Phytophthora citricola as the causal agent of persimmon root rot in Fars province of Iran. Plant Pathology Science 11(2): 1-10.
Introduction: Phytophthora species are a serious threat to plant products worldwide. Therefore, identifying them is the first step in finding a way to treat the disease. The aim of this study was to identify Phytophthora species causing root and crown rot of persimmon trees in Fars province. Materials and methods: Samples were taken from the crowns and roots of diseased persimmon trees, in the summer of 2018-2019. Infected root and crown tissues were cultured in CMA-PARPH medium. Isolates of Phytophthora species were purified by single spore method and morphological and molecular characteristics were used to identify them. Results: Six isolates were obtained from the roots of diseased persimmon trees and identified as Phytophthora citricola based on their morphological characteristics. Phylogenetic studies based on beta-tubulin (βtub) and 28S rDNA genes showed that all isolates (Iran-Pc1 to Iran-Pc6) were grouped into clade 2 with a validation scale of 100 and confirmed the identification of P .citricola. Conclusion: This is a new report of persimmon root and crown rot caused by Phytophthora citricola in Fars Province.
Keywords: Beta-tubulin, Gene, Persimmon, Phytophthora, 28S rDNA
