Plant Pathology Science
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Showing 24 results for Fusarium
Leila Rasouli , Mehdi Sadravi , Kavoos Keshavarz ,
Volume 12, Issue 1 (3-2023)
Volume 12, Issue 1 (3-2023)
Abstract
Rasouli, L., Sadravi, M., & Keshavarz, K. (2023). Screening eight tomato varieties for resistance to Fusarium wilt disease. Plant Pathology Science, 12(1), 46-52.
Introduction: Fusarium wilt caused by soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol) is one of the most important diseases of tomatoes in the world. Identification and cultivation of resistant varieties is an environmentally friendly method of disease management that leads to the production of a chemical-free and clean yield. This research was conducted to evaluate the reactions of eight tomato varieties to the disease and their correlation with peroxidase enzyme. Materials and Methods: Wilted tomato plants were sampled in the greenhouses of southwestern Iran and after isolation and purification and studying the morphological characteristics, two Fol isolates were identified. The reactions of eight varieties vs. Kingston, Dafnis, Super chef, Karnak, CHpooya, Earlypooya, Superpooya, and CH to these two isolates were investigated in a factorial experiment with a completely randomized statistical design with four replications for each treatment under greenhouse conditions. The disease severity index and the vegetative and reproductive indices of the plant were determined. The level of peroxidase enzyme in the leaves of plants of each treatment was measured by spectrophotometric method at 470 nm wavelength and its correlation coefficient was determined with the disease severity index. Results: Analysis of the variance of these experimental data revealed a significant difference between Fol isolates in pathogenicity and interaction between Fol isolates and varieties. Fol2 isolate was more aggressive than Fol1 and CH was moderately susceptible, and Earlypooya, Karnak, Superpooya, Dafnis, CHpooya, were moderately resistant, while Kingston and Super chef were completely resistant to this hyper-virulent isolate of the pathogen and disease. The peroxidase level had negatively correlated with the disease severity index. Conclusion: Among these varieties, Kingstone and Super chef are resistant to the disease. Peroxidase levels can be used as a resistance marker to assess how different tomato varieties react to the disease.
Samaneh Dashtipoor, Doustmorad Zafari,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (2-2024)
Volume 13, Issue 1 (2-2024)
Abstract
Dashtipoor, S., & Zafari, D. (2024). Two Fusarium species pathogenic to sugarcane in Khuzestan Province, Iran. Plant Pathology Science, 13(1), 14-26.
Sugarcane is an important commercial product that is used for sugar production and many industrial uses. This research was conducted to identify Fusarium species causing sugarcane pokabong disease in plants with symptoms of vascular wilting and red veins in the leaves. This disease is one of the most important and spreading diseases of sugarcane in the world, which leads to a significant decrease in the sugarcane crop. The purpose of this research was to identify Fusarium species causing this disease in Khuzestan province of Iran. The sugarcane fields of this province were visited and samples were taken from the diseased tissues of the plants. The diseased tissues were cultured on potato dextrose agar medium after washing and surface disinfection. Morphological identification of the species was done using valid identification keys, and the combined analysis method of the data of tef 1α and rpb2 gene regions was used to confirm their identity. The pathogenicity test was performed and the results indicated that the identified species were pathogenic. Fusarium culmorum and Fusarium oxysporum species were identified as sugarcane pathogens. This is the first report of F. culmorum and F. oxysporum species as pathogens of sugarcane in Iran.
Azadeh Goudarzi,
Volume 14, Issue 1 (2-2025)
Volume 14, Issue 1 (2-2025)
Abstract
Fusarium root and crown rot disease of tomato is one of the most important and destructive soil-borne diseases of this crop, and one of the factors limiting production of tomato in the world. Disease symptoms include yellowing and necrosis of leaves and petioles, defoliation, formation of brown wounds on the roots and tissues adjacent to the soil surface, necrosis and discoloration of internal tissues of crown and basal stem, reduction in the quantity and quality of fruits, wilting and plant death. Eleven Fusarium species with names; F. solani, F. oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici , F. moniliforme, F. culmorum, F. commune, F. redolens, F. chlamydosporum, F. semitectum, F. lateritium, F. acuminatum and F. equiseti has been reported as the causatives of the disease in the world. The disease occurrence in farms and commercial greenhouses, if disease management strategies are not implemented, usually leads to great economic losses to the tomato yield and in some cases, complete crop destruction. The disease has been reported from East-Azarbaijan, Semnan, Fars, Hormozgan and Kerman Provinces, in Iran. This article discusses integrated disease management strategies, emphasizing preventive measures such as pathogen exclusion, use of resistant cultivars, prevention of root and crown injuries, sanitation, salt stress management, as well as cultural, biological, and chemical control methods.
Md Mostafa Darvishnia, Maryam Mirderikvand, Samira Pakbaz,
Volume 14, Issue 2 (4-2025)
Volume 14, Issue 2 (4-2025)
Abstract
Rapeseed is one of the major oilseed crops worldwide. Owing to its high yield potential per unit area, its cultivation has expanded considerably over the past three decades in many countries, including Iran. Several soil-borne fungi can cause root and crown rot of rapeseed. This study was conducted to identify fungi associated with the roots and crowns of diseased rapeseed plants collected from fields in Lorestan Province, western Iran. Sixty-one samples were collected from the roots and crowns of diseased rapeseed plants in Mamulan, Khorramabad, and Selseleh counties of Lorestan Province, Iran, during the 2023–2024 growing season. Fungi were isolated and purified using selective culture media, and their morphological characteristics were examined. Molecular identification was performed by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1-α) genomic regions. Phylogenetic relationships between the obtained isolates and other species within the corresponding genera were subsequently determined. Based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses, four fungal species associated with diseased rapeseed roots and crowns in the study area were identified as Fusarium clavum, Bipolaris coffeana, Alternaria alternata, and Alternaria tenuissima. Fusarium clavum has previously been reported as a causal agent of root and crown rot of rapeseed in Iran. Bipolaris coffeana is reported for the first time from rapeseed in Lorestan Province. The results demonstrate that the integration of morphological characteristics with sequencing of the ITS and TEF1-α genomic regions provides a reliable and accurate approach for identifying species of Alternaria, Fusarium, and Bipolaris. The morphological characteristics of the identified fungi are described, and their phylogenetic relationships with other species within each genus are presented. The findings highlight the importance of continuous monitoring of soil-borne fungal pathogens in rapeseed-growing fields to facilitate their timely detection and effective disease management.