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Showing 3 results for Beikzadeh
Impact of six essential oils on strawberry gray mold
Nasser Beikzadeh, Hamid Afzali,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (3-2020)
Abstract
Beikzadeh N, Afzali H (2020) Impact of six essential oils on strawberry gray mold. Plant Pathology Science 9(1):129-140.       DOI: 10.2982/PPS.9.1.129.
 
Introduction: Gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea is the most important disease after strawberry fruit harvest. The use of chemical fungicides can have a negative effect on the health of consumers, so the use of plant essential oils for disease management has been considered. The effect of six plant essential oils on the pathogen and the contamination of strawberry fruits was investigated in this research to identify suitable essential oil to control the disease. Materials and Methods: The pathogen was isolated from infected strawberry fruits in northeastern Iran. The inhibitory effect of different concentrations of peppermint, savory, caraway, cumin, eucalyptus and thyme essential oils on mycelial growth and germination of the pathogen spores was tested by mixing them with culture medium. Then, the effect of these essential oils in liquid and vapor phases on the contamination of strawberry fruits was tested. After normalization, the data of these experiments were analyzed by analysis of variance with MSTAT-C software and the means were compared with Duncan test. Results: Essential oils of caraway and eucalyptus had the greatest effect in inhibiting the growth of pathogen mycelium. Essential oils of caraway, cumin, savory, thyme and peppermint had the greatest effect in inhibiting the germination of pathogen spores. The essential oils of caraway, cumin, savory, thyme and peppermint in the vapor phase, the essential oils of caraway and eucalyptus in the liquid phase, prevented further contamination of the fruit. Conclusion: The findings of this study show that all of these plant essential oils can significantly prevent the growth of mycelium and germination of pathogen spores and contamination of strawberry fruits, but the effect of caraway essential oil in most cases is better than others. Thus, it can be used as an alternative to fungicides on strawberry fruit.

The impact of Osage orange fruit and leaf aqueous and ethanolic extracts on Erwinia amylovora, the cause of apple and pear fireblight
Toktam Selahvarzi, Bahram Abedy, Dr. Nasser Beikzadeh,
Volume 13, Issue 1 ((Autumn & Winter) 2024)
Abstract
Selahvarzi, T., Abedy, B., & Beikzadeh, N. (2024). The impact of Osage orange fruit and leaf aqueous and ethanolic extracts on Erwinia amylovora, the cause of apple and pear fireblight. Plant Pathology Science, 13(1), 75-88.

Fire blight caused by Erwinia amylovora is one of the most important diseases of apple and pear trees in the world. The purpose of this research was to determine the antibacterial effect of the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of the fruit and leaf of the Osage orange (Maclura pomifera) against the cause of this disease. The effect of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of leaf and fruit of this plant on the growth of
E. amylovora colony in eight concentrations was tested by disk diffusion method. Antioxidant activity and total phenol of these extracts were also measured. The experiment was conducted as a factorial in a completely randomized design with four replications for each treatment in laboratory conditions. The results showed that the type of extract and plant organ are effective in the antibacterial properties, antioxidant activity, and the amount of total phenol. The ethanolic extract of the fruit, at a concentration of 1000 mg/ml with an average diameter 5.57 mm inhibitory halo had the highest inhibitory effect against E. amylovora, antioxidant activity, and total phenol content, while the aqueous extract of the fruit and the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the leaf weren't significantly effective. Therefore, the ethanolic extract of Osage orange fruit has an inhibitory effect on the growth of E. amylovora colony and can be considered as a natural compound in the management of the disease.

 
The most important viral diseases of Alstroemeria ornamental plant in the World
Dr. Nasser Beikzadeh, Dr. Afshin Hassani-Mehraban, Dr. Seyyed Fazel Fazeli Kakhki,
Volume 14, Issue 2 ((Spring and Summer) 2025)
Abstract
An important part of the floriculture industry, which has a high ornamental value and has become an essential part of people's daily lives, are cut flowers. The Netherlands, Colombia and the United States are the major producers of cut flowers, and more than 80% of the production of these flowers in Iran is concentrated in Tehran, Fars, Ilam and Khuzestan provinces, respectively. Alstroemeria, an important ornamental plant, is used both as a cut flower and for pot cultivation. Its flower production is rapidly increasing in Europe and other parts of the world, and due to its long vase life, high yield and productivity, and wide color variety, it has become one of the most commercially successful ornamental cut flowers in the United States, Britain, the Netherlands, and Japan. The area under cultivation and production of alstroemeria in Iran in 2023 were 42 hectares and approximately 45 million branches, respectively, and Tehran province had the highest area under cultivation and production. This plant is cultivated in Iran through rhizomes and mostly in greenhouse conditions. Alstroemeria has been reported to be infected with diseases such as root rot, wilt and viral diseases. Virus infection of alstroemeria is a serious concern because this plant mainly reproduces vegetatively. Among plant diseases, viral diseases are the most important problem for alstroemeria and can significantly reduce the quality and quantity of the plant and limit global trade. So far, 24 alstroemeria-infecting viruses have been reported in the world.
 
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