Volume 12, Issue 2 ((Autumn & Winter) 2026)
Iranian J. Seed Res. 2026, 12(2): 171-199 |
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Zeilabpour R, Moradi A, Balouchi H, Yadavi A, Latifmanesh H. (2026). Mepiquat Chloride (Pix) Improves Germination and Biochemical Stability of Sesame (Sesamum indicum cv. Darab-1) Seeds under Deterioration. Iranian J. Seed Res.. 12(2), 171-199.
URL: http://yujs.yu.ac.ir/jisr/article-1-666-en.html
URL: http://yujs.yu.ac.ir/jisr/article-1-666-en.html
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasuj University , amoradi@yu.ac.ir
Abstract: (74 Views)
Objective: Seed aging in oilseeds such as sesame is a major storage challenge, reducing germination quality and seedling vigor. The high-oil cultivar Darab‑1 is highly sensitive to storage conditions (temperature, moisture, and time). In this study, the effects of different Pix concentrations in interaction with temperature, moisture, and storage duration were investigated on germination and biochemical traits of seeds to determine the possibility of improving seed quality stability during storage.
Methods: The experiment was conducted as a four‑factor factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design with three replications. The studied factors were storage temperature (15, 25, and 35°C), seed moisture content (9, 12, and 15%), Pix concentration (0, 3000, and 4500 mg L-1), and storage duration (30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 days). After the storage period, seed physiological traits including germination percentage and rate, root and shoot length, seedling dry weight, vigor index, α‑amylase activity, and electrolyte leakage were measured.
Results: Increasing temperature, moisture, and storage duration accelerated seed aging. After 180 days, electrolyte leakage in control seeds increased from 21.47 to 72.72% when storage temperature rose from 15 to 25°C (at 9% moisture), indicating a 54% increase in membrane leakage, while Pix at 3000 mg/L reduced it by 19–80%. α-amylase activity decreased with seed deterioration, but Pix at 3000 mg/L maintained the highest enzyme activity (15.5 vs. 16.3 nmol seed-1min-1 after 180 days). Germination percentage and rate, seedling length and dry weight, and vigor index also declined with aging; however, Pix treatment, especially at 3000 mg L-1, significantly moderated these reductions.
Conclusions: Storage at high temperature and moisture accelerated sesame seed deterioration, reducing germination and α‑amylase activity while increasing membrane damage. Pix at 3000 mg L-1 was the most effective treatment, maintaining seed vigor and enzyme activity and reducing electrolyte leakage. Therefore, seed treatment with 3000 mg L-1 Pix before storage, especially at 15°C and 9% moisture content, can be recommended as an effective strategy to extend seed longevity and maintain quality during medium term storage.
Highlights:
Methods: The experiment was conducted as a four‑factor factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design with three replications. The studied factors were storage temperature (15, 25, and 35°C), seed moisture content (9, 12, and 15%), Pix concentration (0, 3000, and 4500 mg L-1), and storage duration (30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 days). After the storage period, seed physiological traits including germination percentage and rate, root and shoot length, seedling dry weight, vigor index, α‑amylase activity, and electrolyte leakage were measured.
Results: Increasing temperature, moisture, and storage duration accelerated seed aging. After 180 days, electrolyte leakage in control seeds increased from 21.47 to 72.72% when storage temperature rose from 15 to 25°C (at 9% moisture), indicating a 54% increase in membrane leakage, while Pix at 3000 mg/L reduced it by 19–80%. α-amylase activity decreased with seed deterioration, but Pix at 3000 mg/L maintained the highest enzyme activity (15.5 vs. 16.3 nmol seed-1min-1 after 180 days). Germination percentage and rate, seedling length and dry weight, and vigor index also declined with aging; however, Pix treatment, especially at 3000 mg L-1, significantly moderated these reductions.
Conclusions: Storage at high temperature and moisture accelerated sesame seed deterioration, reducing germination and α‑amylase activity while increasing membrane damage. Pix at 3000 mg L-1 was the most effective treatment, maintaining seed vigor and enzyme activity and reducing electrolyte leakage. Therefore, seed treatment with 3000 mg L-1 Pix before storage, especially at 15°C and 9% moisture content, can be recommended as an effective strategy to extend seed longevity and maintain quality during medium term storage.
Highlights:
- Pix at 3000 mg/L effectively prevented the decline in physiological traits of sesame seeds during storage and maintained germination potential and seed vigor.
- Increased temperature, moisture, and storage duration reduced α‑amylase activity and increased electrolyte leakage, indicating accelerated physiological seed aging.
- Pix treatment improved seed quality under warm and humid storage conditions by reducing electrolyte leakage and enhancing membrane stability, suggesting its practical application for extending seed longevity.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Seed Physiology
Received: 2025/12/17 | Revised: 2026/02/16 | Accepted: 2026/02/27 | ePublished: 2026/03/20
Received: 2025/12/17 | Revised: 2026/02/16 | Accepted: 2026/02/27 | ePublished: 2026/03/20
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