Volume 7, Issue 2 ((Autumn & Winter) 2021)
Iranian J. Seed Res. 2021, 7(2): 89-106 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Jamshidizadeh A, Farzaneh M, Rahnama ghahfarokhi A, Nasernakhaei F. (2021). Germination and Some Morphophysiological Traits of Convolvulus arvensis in Response to Salinity Stress. Iranian J. Seed Res.. 7(2), 89-106. doi:10.52547/yujs.7.2.89
URL: http://yujs.yu.ac.ir/jisr/article-1-422-en.html
URL: http://yujs.yu.ac.ir/jisr/article-1-422-en.html
Shahid Chemran University of Ahvaz , m.farzaneh@scu.ac.ir
Abstract: (5799 Views)
Extended Abstract
Introduction: It is obvious that all plants adopt mechanisms to control NaCl accumulation because sodium chloride is the most soluble and most abundant salt. Binweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.) is among the ten widespread noxious weeds in the world that it is reproduced by seed, horizontal lateral root, and rhizome. Because of the extensive underground root system of the bindweed with abundant buds and established root reserves, binweed competes more tolerant than crops under salinity and drought stress. More information on morphophysiological traits of binweed under salinity conditions and comparison of salinity tolerance index between germination and seedling can also be contributed to the most effective management. In order to investigate the germination and seedling growth characteristics of binweed two experiments were conducted separately under salinity stress.
Materials and Methods: Germination experiment was done in a completely randomized design with 9 levels of salinity stresses include 0 (control), 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 dS.m-1, with four replications in the lab. The seedling experiment was performed in a random complete block design consisted of five levels of salinity (tap water, 10, 20, 30, and 40 dS.m-1) with three replications as the pot in a non-shade greenhouse of Agricultural College of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz.
Results: The results showed that with raising salinity, percentage germination and vigure index of seed declined, but Radicle/ Plumule ratio rose. After two weeks, in response to salinity a decrease in root and shoot characteristics of the seedling was observed. Salinity stress data were fitted to a three-parameter logistic for seedling stage showed that the salinity levels higher than 7.86 dS.m-1 led to 50 percent reduction in tolerance index. It was found that 19.84 dS.m-1 caused 50% decrease in the tolerance index at germination stage. Sufficient tolerance index –growth stage variation in response to salinity was found which suggests that bindweed tolerance to salinity at germination stage is about 3 times more than that of seedling stage.
Conclusions: Radicle/ plumule ratio at germination stage and root lateral branches at seedling stage increased in concentrations of up to 25 and 20 dS.m-1, respectively. It seems the maintenance of root area and branches in response to increased salinity provide an acceptable mechanism of salinity tolerance for binweed. According to the three-parameter logistic model, the salinity tolerance of bindweed at germination and seedling stages was estimated at 20 and 8 dS.m-1, respectively.
Keywords: Logistic model, Root lateral branches, Relative water content, Salinity tolerance index
Highlights:
1 Salinity tolerance of bindweed was investigated in germination and seedling growth.
2- Salinity tolerance index was compared between germination and seedling of bindweed and was introduced a proper trait which is more effective to pointing salinity tolerance.
3- The best sigmoidal model based on salinity criterion was introduced for salt tolerance index of bindweed.
Introduction: It is obvious that all plants adopt mechanisms to control NaCl accumulation because sodium chloride is the most soluble and most abundant salt. Binweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.) is among the ten widespread noxious weeds in the world that it is reproduced by seed, horizontal lateral root, and rhizome. Because of the extensive underground root system of the bindweed with abundant buds and established root reserves, binweed competes more tolerant than crops under salinity and drought stress. More information on morphophysiological traits of binweed under salinity conditions and comparison of salinity tolerance index between germination and seedling can also be contributed to the most effective management. In order to investigate the germination and seedling growth characteristics of binweed two experiments were conducted separately under salinity stress.
Materials and Methods: Germination experiment was done in a completely randomized design with 9 levels of salinity stresses include 0 (control), 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 dS.m-1, with four replications in the lab. The seedling experiment was performed in a random complete block design consisted of five levels of salinity (tap water, 10, 20, 30, and 40 dS.m-1) with three replications as the pot in a non-shade greenhouse of Agricultural College of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz.
Results: The results showed that with raising salinity, percentage germination and vigure index of seed declined, but Radicle/ Plumule ratio rose. After two weeks, in response to salinity a decrease in root and shoot characteristics of the seedling was observed. Salinity stress data were fitted to a three-parameter logistic for seedling stage showed that the salinity levels higher than 7.86 dS.m-1 led to 50 percent reduction in tolerance index. It was found that 19.84 dS.m-1 caused 50% decrease in the tolerance index at germination stage. Sufficient tolerance index –growth stage variation in response to salinity was found which suggests that bindweed tolerance to salinity at germination stage is about 3 times more than that of seedling stage.
Conclusions: Radicle/ plumule ratio at germination stage and root lateral branches at seedling stage increased in concentrations of up to 25 and 20 dS.m-1, respectively. It seems the maintenance of root area and branches in response to increased salinity provide an acceptable mechanism of salinity tolerance for binweed. According to the three-parameter logistic model, the salinity tolerance of bindweed at germination and seedling stages was estimated at 20 and 8 dS.m-1, respectively.
Keywords: Logistic model, Root lateral branches, Relative water content, Salinity tolerance index
Highlights:
1 Salinity tolerance of bindweed was investigated in germination and seedling growth.
2- Salinity tolerance index was compared between germination and seedling of bindweed and was introduced a proper trait which is more effective to pointing salinity tolerance.
3- The best sigmoidal model based on salinity criterion was introduced for salt tolerance index of bindweed.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Seed Physiology
Received: 2019/08/6 | Revised: 2021/05/12 | Accepted: 2020/03/2 | ePublished: 2021/05/9
Received: 2019/08/6 | Revised: 2021/05/12 | Accepted: 2020/03/2 | ePublished: 2021/05/9
References
1. Alebrahim, M.T., Sharifi, K.V. and Darvishi, M. 2013. Effect of salinity stress on germination indices of weed seed (Prosopis farcta). In the 5th Iranian Weed Congress, Biology and Weeds Ecology, September 2013, 127-130. [In Persian with English Summary].
2. Anvari, S.M., Mehdikhani, H., Shahriari, A.R. and Nouri, GH.R. 2009. Effect of salinity stress on 7 species of range plants in germination stage. Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research, 16(2): 262-273. [In Persian with English Summary].
3. Archangi, A., Khodambashi, M., Mohamadkhani, A. 2013. The effect of salt stress on morphological characteristics and Na+, K+ and Ca+ ion contents in medicinal plant fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-gracum) under hydroponic culture. Journal of Science and Technology of Greenhouse Culture, 10: 33-40. [In Persian].
4. Bates, L. 1973. Rapid determination of free proline for water stress studies. Plant Soil. 39: 205-207. [DOI:10.1007/BF00018060]
5. Chauhan, B.S., G. Gill and C. Preston. 2006. Factors affecting seed germination of annual sowthistle (Sonchus oleraceus) in southern Australia. Weed Science, 54: 854-860. [DOI:10.1614/WS-06-047R.1]
6. Costea, M., Weaver S.E. and Tardif F.J. 2003. The biology of Canadian weeds. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 84(2): 631-668. [DOI:10.4141/P02-183]
7. Degenearo, F.P. and Weller, S.C. 1984. Differential susceptibility of field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis) biotypes to glyphosate. Weed Science, 32(4): 472-476. [DOI:10.1017/S0043174500059361]
8. Ericson, M.C. and S.H. Alfinito. 1984. Proteins produced during salt stress in tobacco cell culture. Plant Physiology, 74: 506-509. [DOI:10.1104/pp.74.3.506] [PMID] [PMCID]
9. Eslami, V., Behdani, M.A., and Ali, S. 2009. Effect of salinity on germination and early seedling growth of canola cultivars. Environment Stress in Agriculture Science, 1(1): 39-46. [In Persian with English Summary].
10. Fakhri, Sh., Rahnama, A. and Meskarbashi, M. 2016. Relation between root growth traits and physiological indices of two bread wheat cultivars under salt stress. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science, 47(1): 109-117. [In Persian with English Summary].
11. Flowers, T.J. 2004. Improving crop salt tolerance. Journal of Experimental Botany, 55: 307-319. [DOI:10.1093/jxb/erh003] [PMID]
12. Gregory, J.P. 2006. Plant Roots: their growth, activity, and interaction with soils. First published 2006 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
13. Hajlaoui, H., El Ayeb, N., Garrec, J.P. and Denden, M. 2010. Differential effects of salt stress on osmotic adjustment and solutes allocation based on root and leaf tissue senescence of two-silage maize (Zea mays L.) varieties. Industrial Crops and Products, 31(1): 122-130. [DOI:10.1016/j.indcrop.2009.09.007]
14. Hasegawa, P.M., Bressan, R.A. and Bohnert, H.J. 2000. Plant cellular and molecular responses to high salinity. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology, 51: 463-499. [DOI:10.1146/annurev.arplant.51.1.463] [PMID]
15. Hatimi, A. 1999. Effect of salinity on the association between root symbionts and Acacia cyanophylla Lind: growth and nutrition. Plant and Soil, 216: 93-101. [DOI:10.1023/A:1004745707277]
16. Kader, M.A. and Jutzi, S.C. 2004. Effects of thermal and salt treatments during imbibition on germination and seedling growth of Sorghum at 42/19 °C. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 190: 35-38. [DOI:10.1046/j.0931-2250.2003.00071.x]
17. Karimi, G., Ghorbanli, M., Heidari, H., Khavari Nejad, R.A. and Assareh, M.H. 2005. The effects of NaCl on growth, water relations, osmolytes and ion content in Kochia prostrate. Biologia Plantarum, 49(2): 301-304. [DOI:10.1007/s10535-005-1304-y]
18. Karimi, H., Abdolzadeh, A., Sadeghipour, H.R., Mehraban, P. and Norinia, A.A. 2011. Evaluation of salinity tolerance in Sesbania aculeatea (Willd.) Pers., Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research, 18(1): 172-186. [In Persian with English Summary].
19. Kaya, C., Higges, D., Kirnak, H. 2001. The effects of high salinity (NaCl) and supplementary phosphorus and potassium on physiology and nutrition development of spinach. Bulgarian Journal of Plant Physiology, 27(3-4): 47-59.
20. Malamy, J.E. 2005. Intrinsic and environmental response pathways that regulate root system architecture. Plant Cell and Environment, 28(1): 67-77. [DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3040.2005.01306.x] [PMID]
21. Mosleh-Arany, A., Bakhshi-Khaniki, G., Nemati, N. and Soltani, M. 2011. Investigation on the effect of salinity stress on seed germination of Salsola abarghuensis, Salsola arbuscula and Salsola yazdiana. Iranian Journal of Rangelands and Forests Plant Breeding and Genetic Research, 18(2): 267-279. [In Persian with English Summary].
22. Mostafavi, Kh. Golzardi, F. 2010. Effects of salt and drought stresses on germination and seedling growth of bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.). Journal of Weed Ecology, 1(2): 91-102. [In Persian with English Summary].
23. Munns, R. and Tester, M. 2008. Mechanisms of salinity tolerance. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 59: 651-681. [DOI:10.1146/annurev.arplant.59.032607.092911] [PMID]
24. Munns, R. 2002. Comparative physiology of salt and water stress. Plant Cell & Environment, 25(2): 239-250. [DOI:10.1046/j.0016-8025.2001.00808.x] [PMID]
25. Noor, E., Azhar, F.M. and Khan, A.L. 2001. Differences in responses of Gossypium hirsutum L. varieties to NaCl salinity at seedling stage. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 3(4): 345-347.
26. Ogawa, A., Shirado, S. and Toyofuku, K. 2011. Comparison of effect of salt stress on the cell death in seminal root and lateral root of rye seedlings by the modified TUNEL method. Plant Root, 6: 5-9. [DOI:10.3117/plantroot.6.5]
27. Ogg, A.G. and Young, F.L. 1991. Effects of pre-plant treatment interval and tillage on herbicide toxicity to winter wheat (Triticum aestivum). Weed Technology, 5: 291-296. [DOI:10.1017/S0890037X00028128]
28. Rahnama, A., Munns, R., Poustini, K. and Watt, M. 2011. A screening method to identify genetic variation in root growth response to a salinity gradient. Journal of Experimental Botany, 62(1): 69-77. [DOI:10.1093/jxb/erq359] [PMID]
29. Rashed Mohsel, M.H. 1998. Bindweed (Identification and control of important weeds of Iran). First Edition. Mashhad University Press, 29p. [In Persian].
30. Rashed Mohsel, M.H., Najafi, H. and Akbarzadeh, M.D. 2001. Biology and Weeds Control. First Edition. Mashhad University Press. 404p. [In Persian].
31. Razmi, Z., Hamidi. R. and Pirasteh-Anosheh, H. 2013. Seed germination and seedling growth of three sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) genotypes as affected by low temperatures. International Journal of Farming and Allied Sciences, 2: 851-856.
32. Rengasamy, P. 2006. World salinization with emphasis on Australia. Journal of Experimental Botany, 57:1017-1023. [DOI:10.1093/jxb/erj108] [PMID]
33. Sarmadnia, Q.H. 1996. Seed technology (translation). 2rd Edition. Mashhad University Press. 228p. [In Persian].
34. Shimi, P. and Termeh, F. 2004. Weeds of Iran. Agriculture Research, Education and Extension Organization Press, 152p.
35. Sousa, I.F., Neto, J.E.K., Muniz, J.A., Guimarães, R.M., Savian, T.V. and Muniz, F.M. 2014. Fitting nonlinear autoregressive models to describe coffee seed germination. Ciência Rural, 44(11): 2016-2021. [DOI:10.1590/0103-8478cr20131341]
36. Warrence, N., Pearson, K.E. and Bavder, J.W. 2002. The basic of salinity and sodicity effect on soil physical properties. Journal of Plant Physiology, 25: 64-70.
37. Wiese, A.L., Schoenhals, M.G., Bean, B.W. and Salisbury, C.D. 1997. Effect of tillage timing on herbicide toxicity to field bindweed. Journal of Production Agriculture, 10(3): 459-461. [DOI:10.2134/jpa1997.0459]
38. Yang, F., Xiao, X., Zhang, S., Korpelainen, H. and Li, C. 2009. Salt stress responses in Populus cathayana Rehder. Plant Science, 176(5): 669-677. [DOI:10.1016/j.plantsci.2009.02.008]
39. Yarnia, M., Farajzadeh, E., Ahmadzadeh, V. and Nobari, N. 2009. Allelopathic effects of Convolvulus arvensis on Triticum aestivum. 8th International Conference Ecophysiological Aspects of Plant Responses to Stress Factors. Poland, September 16-19.
40. Yeo, A.R. 2007. Salinity. In: Yeo A.R., Flowers T.J. (Eds.). Plant solute transport. Blackwell, Oxford, 340-365. [DOI:10.1002/9780470988862]
41. Zhu, J.K. 2003. Regulation of ion homeostasis under salt stress. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 6(5): 441-445. [DOI:10.1016/S1369-5266(03)00085-2]
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
