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Showing 6 results for Tomato

Majid Khanasha1, Fatemeh Barzegar, Habibollah Hamzehzarghani2,
Volume 1, Issue 2 (9-2012)
Abstract

Early blight is an important worldwide disease of tomato that farmers must have frequent spray chemicals to control it. One way to reduce the use of pesticides, costs of production and the risk of environmental pollution, spraying based on forecasting of TOMCAST system, which is based on the time of wet leaves and temperature during tomato growing season in each region, predict disease severity , and determine suitable time of spraying. Application this system, in some countries considerably reduced pesticides usage on tomato. This system predict time of spraying when needed and has maximum effect. By using this forecasting method in Iran, can reduce pesticides usage on this freshly consume fruit, efficiency of using pesticides, and increase yield. 
Elmira Abutorabi,
Volume 2, Issue 2 (9-2013)
Abstract

Management of soil borne disease of tomato with the aim of reducing the use of chemical pesticides and produce healthy products needs to provide appropriate policy. Grafting is one of the most effective control measures of soil borne pathogens result in healthy crop production and is an excellent substitute for chemical control. According to some investigations, grafting the commercial varieties on resistant rootstocks results in higher yield as well as the better quality. In addition to obtain higher product quality and optimize plant growth, disease management can be achieve by minimum application of pesticides.
Aziz Bagheri,
Volume 7, Issue 2 (9-2018)
Abstract

Bagheri A. 2018. Bacterial canker of tomato. Plant Pathology Science 7(2):14-21.
DOI: 10.2982/PPS.7.2.14

Bacterial canker of tomato caused by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis is one of the most important and economical diseases of tomato. Pale, yellow, dry leaves and shoots with colorless strips are the main symptoms on infected plants. The canker is formed in the last stages of the disease. Use of pathogen-free seeds or seedlings, implementation of quarantine regulations in infected areas‎, fallow and rotation with plants out of the Solanaceae family, plowing after tomatoes harvesting and drip irrigation are the main management strategies for disease control. Spraying copper chemicals can also help disease control.


Aida Ahmadizadeh Esfahani, Mehdi Sadravi, Sholeh Kazemi,
Volume 8, Issue 2 (9-2019)
Abstract

Ahmadizadeh Esfahani A, Sadravi M and Kazem S (2019) Effect of nano-chitosan on early blight disease of tomato. Plant Pathology Science 8(2):102-109.
DOI: 10.2982/PPS.8.2.102.
Introduction: Early blight caused by Alternaria species is one of the most important tomato diseases in the world. The disease has been reported from most areas in Iran with up to 90% infection. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of nano-chitosan on the severity of the ‎disease and its use as a replacement‎ of the chemical fungicide, chlorothalonil. Materials and Methods: Diseased tomato plants of fields and greenhouses of Fars province in southern Iran were sampled. Pathogens were isolated from diseased tissues, purified and identified by studying their morphological characteristics. The effect of nano-chitosan at three concentrations of three, five and seven grams per liter and the fungicide chlorothalonil were tested before and after inoculation of two pathogens. The disease severity indexes were measures in Sunseed and 16 cultivars of tomato under greenhouse conditions using a factorial experimental in completely randomized design with four replications. The data were analyzed with comparing the means. Results: The isolated pathogens were identified as A. solani and A. alternata. Results of the greenhouse experiment showed that A. solani was more aggressive than A. alternata and the cultivar 16 was more resistant to the disease. Nano-chitosan at 5 and 7 mg/ l significantly reduced disease severity indexes when use before pathogen inoculation, and at 7 mg/l when use after pathogen inoculation. Conclusion: Nano-chitosan can be used as a bio-fungicide to replace chlorothalonil as a chemical fungicide for disease management.

Mohammad Rezvanjoo, Mehdi Sadravi, Alireza Khoshroo,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (9-2021)
Abstract

Rezvanjoo M, Sadravi M, Khoshroo A (2021) Impact of an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus on Fusarium wilt in three tomato cultivars. Plant Pathology Science 10(2):74-81. Doi: 10.2982/PPS.10.2.74.
 
Introduction: Wilt caused by the soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici is one of the most common and harmful diseases in most tomato growing areas. The disease damage is reported up to 27% of the yield in Iran. Biological control of the disease is an effective, environmentally friendly, and consumer health management method. The ability of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to reduce many soil-borne diseases has been demonstrated, so this study was conducted to investigate the effect of a commercially available arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus on disease severity in three tomato cultivars. Materials and Methods: The commercial inoculum of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus geosprum was obtained from the market. The experiment was performed in a completely randomized statistical design with four replicates for each treatment. Inoculum of G. geosprum was added to sterile soil in pots and then seeds of Super-Strain, Chef, and Super-Falat tomato cultivars were sown. Seedling roots were inoculated at the three to the six-leaf stage with a spore suspension of a hypervirulent isolate of F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Data on the severity of the disease, stem height, root length were collected after the appearance of wilting symptoms and analyzed with the SPSS 20 software and the means values were compared. Results: The severity of the disease was significantly reduced in all cultivars treated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, and the stem height and root length were higher than those with no mycorrhizal fungus. Conclusion: The ability of G. geosporum, to reduce the severity of Fusarium wilt disease and increase the growth of tomato plants is reported for the first time.
Leila Rasouli , Mehdi Sadravi , Kavoos Keshavarz ,
Volume 12, Issue 1 (3-2023)
Abstract

Rasouli, L., Sadravi, M., and Keshavarz, K. (2023). Screening eight tomato varieties for resistance to Fusarium wilt disease. Plant Pathology Science, 12(1),46-52.     
   Doi: 10.2982/PPS.12.1.46
 
Introduction: Fusarium wilt caused by soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol) is one of the most important diseases of tomatoes in the world. Identification and cultivation of resistant varieties is an environmentally friendly method of disease management that leads to the production of a chemical-free and clean yield. This research was conducted to evaluate the reactions of eight tomato varieties to the disease and their correlation with peroxidase enzyme. Materials and Methods: Wilted tomato plants were sampled in the greenhouses of southwestern Iran and after isolation and purification and studying the morphological characteristics, two Fol  isolates were identified. The reactions of eight varieties vs. Kingston, Dafnis, Super chef, Karnak, CHpooya, Earlypooya, Superpooya, and CH to these two isolates were investigated in a factorial experiment with a completely randomized statistical design with four replications for each treatment under greenhouse conditions. The disease severity index and the vegetative and reproductive indices of the plant were determined. The level of peroxidase enzyme in the leaves of plants of each treatment was measured by spectrophotometric method at 470 nm wavelength and its correlation coefficient was determined with the disease severity index. Results: Analysis of the variance of these experimental data revealed a significant difference between Fol isolates in pathogenicity and interaction between Fol isolates and varieties. Fol2 isolate was more aggressive than Fol1 and CH was moderately susceptible, and  Earlypooya, Karnak, Superpooya, Dafnis, CHpooya, were moderately resistant, while Kingston and Super chef  were completely resistant to this hyper-virulent isolate of  the pathogen and disease. The peroxidase level had negatively correlated with the disease severity index. Conclusion: Among these varieties, Kingstone and Super chef are resistant to the disease. Peroxidase levels can be used as a resistance marker to assess how different tomato varieties react to the disease.


 

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