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Showing 5 results for Potato
Management of Bacterial Wilt Disease of Potato by Health Assay of Seed Tubers
Cobra Moslemkhani, Javad Mozafari,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (2-2016)
Abstract

Moslemkhani K. & Mozafari J. 2016. Management of  bacterial wilt disease of  potato by health assay of seed tubers. Plant Pathology Science 5(1): 62-75.

Ralstonia solanacearum is an important phytopathogen which reduces quantity and quality of potato. Due to its wide distribution and broad host range and in soil of different regions through irrigation water or latent infected tubers. It is generally difficult to control the damage of this bacterium. It has widely distributed in most of potato growing regions of Iran and by causing wilt and brown rot disease of potato, is a serious treat for cultivation of this crop in the country. Providing and sowing the healthy and certificated seed tubers is the most effective method of controlling the disease. For a successful strategy of disease management, a clear understanding of mode of disease distribution and epidemiology of causal agent is necessary. In this paper, recent scientific findings on this disease are described and new methods of bacterium detection and health assay of seed tubers are introduced.


Situation of Potato Common Scab Disease in Iran
Aziz Bagheri,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (2-2017)
Abstract

Bagheri  A. 2017. Situation of  potato common scab disease in Iran. Plant Pathology Science 6(1):47-56.

Common scab disease of potato has been reported from all of the potato growing regions of the world. Potato scab is one of the serious diseases of potato in Iran. Integrated disease management program on reducing the potato scab in the country, needs to verify the key factors affecting the occurrence and spread of the disease. Growing the potato plants in a soil with a neutral pH with a constant moisture, sprinkler irrigation, crop rotation and a good weed control program, especially against convolvulus, are effective methods for disease control. The use of organic fertilizers and the use of resistant varieties are recommended also. The importance of the bacterial scab of potato, distribution and intensity of infection, disease symptoms, factors affecting the disease severity, disease cycle, response of the common potato cultivars to the disease, the dominant causal bacterial species in Iran and integrated management of disease that were carried out in Iran and other countries, are described in this article.


Distribution and Population Density of Cereal Cyst Nematode in Ardabil Province
Laleh Ebrahimi, Zahra Tanhamaafi, Hossein Karbalaei Khiavi , Gorban Didehbaz Moghanlo, Yahya Azarmi, Rauf Zamani,
Volume 8, Issue 2 (9-2019)
Abstract
Ebrahimi L, TanhaMaafi Z, KarbalaeiKhiavi H, Didehbaz G, Azarmi Y and Zamani R (2019) Distribution and population density of cereal cyst nematode in Ardabil province. Plant Pathology Science 8(2):9-15. DOI: 10.2982/PPS.8.2.9
Introduction: Cereal cyst nematodes (CCN), Heterodera species, are important parasitic nematodes of cereal. Potato cyst nematodes (PCN), Globodera species, are also serious pests of potato world-wide. Continuous monitoring of these nematodes is necessary to prevent their damage to their host plants. This study was conducted to determine the distribution and density of these nematodes in Ardabil province, northwest of Iran, where potatoes are planted in rotation with cereals. Materials and Methods: One hundred and two soil samples were collected from potato fields in the suburbs of Ardebil, Nair and Namin cities in the first year, and 116 soil samples were collected from the wheat fields that were cultivated in the rotation with potato in the second year. The samples were transferred to the laboratory and examined for cyst nematodes. After isolating the cysts, identification of the species was performed based on morphological and morphometrical characteristics of the cysts and the second stage larvae. Results: Examination of the collected samples in both of two years indicated the presence of CCN in some soil samples, but PCN were not observed in none of the soil samples. The morphological and morphometrical data of isolated cereal cysts and comparison with valid identification keys led to the identification of Heterodera filipjevi. Mean numbers of the cysts with eggs and larvae in those samples that were collected in the first and second year were respectively 0.76 and 0.11 in 100 g of the soil. Wheat fields of Ardebil had the highest and fields of Nair had the least number of cyst nematode.  Conclusions: The results of this study showed that some of the wheat fields in the province were infected with H. filipjevi and potato fields were not infected with any cyst nematode.

The expression level of genes encoding LysM-RLKs of potato after stimulation with chitin
Zahra Mohammadi, Farhad Nazarian-Firouzabadi, Ziba Nazari,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (8-2020)
Abstract
Mohammadi Z, Nazarian-Firouzabadi F, Nazari Z (2020). The expression level of genes encoding LysM-RLKs of potato after stimulation with chitin. Plant Pathology Science 9(2):37-50.         DOI: 10.2982/PPS.9.2.37.
Introduction: Lysine motif receptor-like kinases (LysM-RLKs) play an important role in the defense reaction of plants to diseases and environmental stresses. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of chitin as a stimulus for the expression of genes that encode LysM-RLKs. Materials and Methods: The expression levels of three genes PGSC0003DMP400010799, PGSC0003DMP400010800 and PGSC0003DMP400061331, which encoded LysM-RLKs due to chitin treatment (150 μg / ml) in young seven-week potato leaves of Jely cultivar, were examined in treated and control leaves. Results: Analysis of the gene expression data showed that the expression of all three genes increased significantly due to the use of chitin compared to the control. Conclusion: Increasing the expression of genes encoding LysM-RLKs using chitin can be effective to induce systemic resistance to plant diseases and environmental stresses.

Pathogenicity severity of Iranian isolates of Rhizoctonia solani in Burren potato cultivar
Dorna Forghani, Eidi Bazgir, Mehdi Nasr Esfahani, Mostafa Darvishnia,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (8-2020)
Abstract
Forghani D, Bazgir E, Nasr Esfahani M, Darvishnia M (2020) Pathogenicity severity of  Iranian isolates of Rhizoctonia solani  in Burren potato cultivar. Plant Pathology Science 9(2):63-72.            DOI: 10.2982/PPS.9.2.63.
  
Introduction: Rhizoctonia solani Kühn is a soil borne fungus that causes stem canker and black scurf and severely damages crop in various potato growing areas in Iran. The aim of this study was to investigate the pathogenicity of various fungal isolates from different potato growing areas in Iran on the Burren cultivar. Material and Methods: In this study, The pathogenicity of 70 isolates of Rhizoctonia solani from major potato growing areas in Iran including the provinces of Ardabil, Isfahan, Fars, Kurdistan, Kerman, Lorestan and Hamedan was investigated on the potato cultivar ‘Burren’ in completely randomized design experiment under greenhouse conditions. Results: The analysis of variance showed that the pathogenicity of the isolates was very different at probability level of 1% is significant, and therefore they were divided into different groups. Conclusions: The isolates of Ardabil-1, Ardabil-5, Isfahan-14, Fars-26, Fars-29, Kurdistan-34, Kurdistan-39, Kurdistan-40, Kerman-47 and Hamedan-66 had the highest pathogenicity, while the  isolates Fars-21, Isfahan-20, Hamedan-65 and Isfahan-18 showed the lowest pathogenicity, respectively.

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