Showing 4 results for Control
Zahra Irsoleimaniand, Reza Mostowfizadeh-Ghalamfarsa,
Volume 1, Issue 1 (3-2012)
Abstract
The importance of plant protection in modern agriculture increases as crop yields and concerns about production quality rise. Plant protection should be sufficiently effective, affordable and considerate of the environment. The integration of biological and chemical control has a potential for success because of a possible synergistic effects. It is necessary to look for organisms suitable for use in biological control, and in order to study the mechanisms of their action and the optimal conditions for incorporating such agents in plant protection and integrated management systems. One of such microorganisms is PythiumoligandrumDrechslerthatbelongs to the phylumOomycetes. This soil-resident saprophytic microorganism can be parasitic and hyperparasitic on many fungi within the same or other classes. The antagonistic activity of P. oligandrumis a multifaceted process which depends on the target species involved. P. oligandrumis nonpathogenic on 12 species of crops that belong to six families. It occurs on the root surface together with plant pathogenic fungi, predominantly in the regions of hypocotyl – taproot without penetrating the plant tissues. The plant growth is reportedly stimulated by this species. P. oligandrum can be utilized for biological control on a wide spectrum of crop plants. Different methods of application have been developed. The most effective activity of this microorganism is the mycelial growth inhibition of the plant pathogenic fungi.
Ali Reza Sholevarfard, Seyed Mohammad Reza Moosavi,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (3-2014)
Abstract
Plant diseases are the most important limiting factors in agricultural production. Currently the major control method of plant diseases is based on the use of chemicals that raises serious concerns about food quality, environmental hazards and development of resistance to agrochemicals. These concerns have increased the need for other alternative disease management techniques. Macro- and micronutrients are normally applied to increase crop production and improve general plant health and quality. They can also increase the disease tolerance or resistance of plants, however there are some opposing reports. Although our knowledge on the impact of mineral nutrients on plant diseases, many other factors that control plant's response and dynamic interactions among plant, environment and pathogen is not sufficient, manipulating soil nutrients through amendment or modification is always an essential part in plant disease control as well as in sustainable agriculture. Mineral nutrients are generally the first and the most important line of defense against plant diseases which affect all parts of the disease triangle. Nutrients can satisfactory decrease diseases, or at least diminish them to a level at which additional control measures are more successful and less expensive. Here we review the most recent data regarding the influence of mineral nutrients on plant disease resistance and tolerance, plant histological or morphological structure and the virulence or capability of pathogens to survive.
Maryam Khezri,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (8-2016)
Abstract
Khezri M. 2016. Biofilm formation in probiotic bacterium Bacillus subtilis. Plant Pathology Science 5(2):52-62.
Most bacteria have a common ability to form communities known as biofilm. They are varied in structure and function, but have some similarities in general properties. The main compounds of biofilms are extracellular polysaccharides. The probiotic Bacillus subtilis is a gram-positive, rod-shape, endospore-forming and soil inhabiting bacterium that has many agricultural use, such as plant growth promoting activity and biocontrol potential against many of phytopathogens. Biofilm formation is an important microbial survival strategy that enables microorganisms to stay together for long time. Biofilm can protect the bacteria against unfavorable conditions, like antibiotics, chemical pesticides and biocide components. Capability of biofilm formation in probiotic B. subtilis plays significant role in root colonization and biological control of plant pathogens.
Aminallah Tahmasebi,
Volume 12, Issue 1 (3-2023)
Abstract
Tahmasebi, A. (2023). The role of translation initiation factors in plants recessive resistance to viruses. Plant Pathology Science, 12(1), 113-121.
Doi: 10.2982/PPS.12.1.113
Abstract
Plant viruses are important pathogens that cause quantitative and qualitative decline of agricultural products all over the world. Plants resistance is the most effective way to control plant viruses. Viruses as obligate parasites to complete their infection cycle, such as the processes of protein synthesis, replication, and movement, are dependent on the compatibility of cellular factors of host plants. Absence or mutation in these essential factors for the virus infection cycle or mutation in the regulator of plant defense responses may cause the host's recessive resistance to the virus. Recessive genes identified in virus-plant interactions include eukaryotic translation initiation factors eIF4E, eIF4G, and their isoforms. A number of translation factors have been identified in plants, such as eIF3, eEF1A, and eEF1B, which are essential in interacting with viral RNAs and regulating various processes in the virus infection cycle. More awareness of molecular mechanisms of these factors as well as their interaction with other host and viral factors can be used in the development of new management methods such as silencing or genome editing against viruses.
