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The Effect of Seed Pod Removal on Salinity Tolerance of Annual Medic (Medicago scutellata) at the Germination Stage
Farzaneh Fakhari, Hossein Sadeghi,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (8-2016)
Abstract

There have been a few studies on removing the seed pods in annual medics, despite its importance. To investigate the role of pod removal on seed germination, seedling growth and antioxidant enzyme activities in annual medic (Medicago scutellata L.) Under salt stress, a factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design with four replications in 2014. Salinity at 5 levels: 0.62 (tap water as a control), 3, 6, 9 and 12 dS m-1 was applied using sodium chloride. The results showed that salt stress caused changes in the characteristics of germination, seedling growth and antioxidant enzyme activities. With increasing in salinity levels, rate and percentage of germination as well as root length, shoot length and seedling weight was significantly decreased. However, increasing salinity levels increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Germination and growth in seed without pod was greater than those in seeds with pod; however, there were no significant differences between antioxidant enzyme activity; except about ascorbic peroxide that was significantly higher in seed without a pod. In general, salinity reduced germination and growth and increased antioxidant enzyme activity of annual medics. The results showed that planting seeds without pod had advantages for better germination and growth, especially under saline conditions.


Effect of Salt and Drought Stresses on Germination, Seedling Growth and Cell Membrane Stability of Anise (Pimpinella anisum) and Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare)
Roozbeh Farhoudi, Zahra Khodarahmpour,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (9-2017)
Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate the impact of drought and salinity stresses on germination, seedling growth and cell membrane stability of anise (Pimpinella anisum) and fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) in two separate experiments, using a completely randomized design with three replications in Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar Branch in 2013. Drought stress was applied by PEG 6000 and included 0, -2, -4, -6 and -8 bar and salinity treatments were 0, 40, 80 and 120 mM NaCl solutions. Salt and drought stresses significantly reduced germination percentage and seedling fresh weight of anise and fennel, but increased mean germination time and seedling electrical leakage. The results showed that the highest salinity and drought stresses levels increased seedling electrical leakage of anise by 83% and 76% compared with the control conditions. Moreover, seedling electrical leakage of fennel increased up to 77% and 75%, as compared with the control. The results showed that at germination stage, salt and drought stresses increased cell membrane damage, but decreased anise and fennel seedling growth.

Highlight:
  1.  Variations in concentration and the rate of destruction of seedling membranes of anise and fennel plants were studied in response to environmental stresses.
  2. The germination characteristics of anise and fennel were studied under salt and drought stresses.

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