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Showing 9 results for Soltani

Elias Soltani, Afshin Soltani, Serollah Galesh, Farshid Ghaderi-Far, Ebrahim Zeinali,
Volume 1, Issue 1 ((Spring and Summer) 2014)
Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate and to quantify the effect of burial depth on seedling emergence of volunteer canola and wild mustard. Seeds were buried in 12 different depths (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 20, 30 cm) in 4 replications and seedling emergence was measured daily. Results indicated that emergence percentage of volunteer canola was around 98 % from 1 to 2.9 cm of burial depth and deeper depths decreased emergence percentage with a slope of -0.4 and reached to zero in burial depth of 10 cm. Seedling emergence percentage of wild mustard was described using an exponential model on the response to burial depth. According to the model, wild mustard seedling emergence decreased from 66 % in 1 cm depth to 0 % in 8 cm depth. Increasing burial depth leads to reduction of seedling emergence rate that it well quantified for both species. Seeds of these two species that buried in deeper soil layers from 10 cm for volunteer canola and 8 cm for wild mustard can expand soil seed bank and will not emerge. The results of this study may provide useful information in ecological weed management and prediction seedling emergence of weeds.


Fatemeh Aliyari, Ali Soltani, Mehrdad Zarafshar,
Volume 2, Issue 2 ((Autumn & Winter) 2016)
Abstract

Select the appropriate tree species and compatible with harsh environmental conditions, with a high survival rate and optimal growth, is very important in the principled forestation projects. Offering moisture - temperature - time seed germination model is one of the solutions to the prediction of seed germination patterns as in this study, germination behavior model in four replications of 50 seeds of Cupressus arizonica (dishes 11cm) on the incubator was examined by applying five levels of water stress (0, -0.5, -1, -1.5, -2 MPa) and temperature treatments (10, 15, 20, 25, 30 °C). The results showed that the optimum temperature (To) and the basic temperature (Tb) for germination is 19.23±0.5 and 6.54 ± 0.0 °C respectively, and amount of the hydro time constant (θH) for this species is 0.29±0.11. According to the results, temperature and water potential factors and their interaction affected significantly on time and percent germination. Value of the hydrothermal time model was determined by using θHT= [(Ψ-Ψb (g)) (T-Tb)] tough model that its rate was 126.3 MPa°C. d with 0.87 coefficients of determination.


Shirin Taghi Zoghi , Elias Soltani , Iraj Alahdadi , Reza Sadeghi ,
Volume 4, Issue 2 ((Autumn & Winter) 2018)
Abstract

This study was conducted to study the effects of different priming methods on germination rate and percentage under salinity stress and to determine the stability of primed seeds. In order to accomplish this, three different experiments were conducted separately, including the experiment of water uptake, the experiment of salinity stress, and the experiment of storability of primed seeds. Priming treatments were five levels of control (unprimed), hydropriming (Hyd), priming with humic acid (HA), priming with salicylic acid (SA) and priming with gibberellic acid (GA). Salinity stresses were four levels of 0, 4, 8 and 12 ds/m of NaCl. The stability of prime seeds was investigated over a period of 226 days after priming. The results of water uptake showed that rapeseeds entered into the third phase of water uptake after 18 hours of hydration. The results of the salinity experiment showed that salinity levels of 12 and 0 ds/m had the lowest (74.3 %) and highest (83 %) germination percentage, respectively. In terms of germination rate, there were significant differences between GA (0.034 h-1), HA (0.036 h-1) and Hyd (0.036 h-1) with C (0.019 h-1) and SA (0.027 h-1). Generally speaking, primed seeds germinated better than control seeds at all levels of salinity. The storability of primed seeds and control seeds had no significant decrease during storage. Finally, it was concluded that seed priming increased the tolerance to salinity stress; in terms of storability, there was no significant difference between primed seeds and primed seeds could be stored in the same way as control seeds.

Highlights:

  1. At the current research, the stability of prime seeds was investigated for the first time.
  2. There was no significant difference between the storability of primed seeds and control (unprimed) at each sampling time (with an exception for SA).
  3. Primed seeds had better germination performance than control at the all salinity stress levels.
  4. Seed priming treatments using gibberellic acid, humic acid and hydropriming were the best compared with the other treatments.

Farnaz Porali, Farshid Ghaderi-Far, Elias Soltani, Mohammad Hadi Palevani,
Volume 5, Issue 2 ((Autumn & Winter) 2019)
Abstract



Extended abstract
Introduction: Germination speed is one of the most important germination indices, used in most studies to compare the effects of different treatments on seed germination. Researchers use the reverse time up to 50% maximum germination (1/D50) to calculate the germination rate. One of the methods used for calculating the D50 is the utilization of nonlinear regression models such as Logestic, Gompertz, Richard, Weibull and Hill. In addition, for the purpose of calculating this parameter, simple empirical models such as the model presented by Farooq et al. and Ellis and Roberts are used. The question which arises is which of these methods has more precision predicting D50. The purpose of this study was to calculate D50, using different methods in seed germination of cotton.
Material and Methods: In this experiment, cottonseeds were placed at three temperatures of 15, 25 and 40°C with three replications, and germinated seeds were counted daily several times. To calculate D50, several nonlinear regression models including Gompertze, Logestic, Hill (the four-parameter), Richard and Weibull models were used. Moreover, for the purpose of calculating D50, the models presented by Farooq et al. and Ellis and Roberts were used.
Results: The results showed that all nonlinear regression models exhibited suitable fit to germination data. However, logestic, Hill and Weibull showed better predictability of D50, compared with other models. Besides, D50 calculated by the Farooq model was similar to that estimated by nonlinear regression models, whereas D50 estimated by the Ellis and Roberts model was higher than that estimated by other models.
Conclusions: The results of this study showed that both non-linear regression models and the model developed by Farooq could be used to calculate D50 of cottonseed. In general, the results of this study showed that nonlinear regression models could be used to calculate D50. In this research, Logestic, Hill, and Weibull showed good fit for cumulative seed germination data of cotton seeds versus time at different temperatures. These models have coefficients that have a biological concept that includes maximum germination percentage, time to 50% maximum germination and time to start germination. Moreover, when researchers only seek to measure D50 and are not familiar with the statistical software, they can use the empirical formula presented in this research.
 
Highlights:
  1. Calculating D50 in cottonseeds, using different methods.
  2. Using nonlinear regression models to calculate D50 in cottonseeds.
  3. Developing a proper method which is more accurate, and better lends itself to calculating D50 of cottonseeds.

Hasan Teimori, Hamidreza Balouchi, Ali Moradi, Elias Soltani,
Volume 5, Issue 2 ((Autumn & Winter) 2019)
Abstract



Extended abstract
Introduction: Seed germination is one of the first important and complex stages in the plant life cycle and is affected by many hereditary and environmental factors. Various factors affect germination and seedling establishment. Among these factors are the characteristics of the maternal plant (nutrition, genetics), seed treatment stage at harvest time, as well as environmental factors (temperature, water potential, and ventilation and soil compaction). Also, under the influence of seed loss during storage, seed vigor, which is known as the first component of seed quality, decrease. The aim of this study was investigation of germination and biochemichal responses of the aged seed of Fenugreek to different temperature and humidity ranges.
Materials and Methods: This experiment was conducted as a factorial based on a completely randomized design with four replications in the Laboratory of Seed Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University in 2016. The experimental treatments consisted of nine levels of temperature (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45 degrees Celsius), water potential included seven levels (zero (control), -0.2, -0.4, -0.6, -0.8, -1 and -1.2 MPa) and seed aging at two levels (no aged (control) and aged seed).
Results: In this experiment, the effect of seed aging, water potential and their interactions on each environment on germination indices (germination percentage and germination rate, length and weight vigor index) and biochemical indices (soluble sugar, proline, soluble protein and catalase enzymes) of Fenugreek seeds were significant. The results showed that in the aged seed the germination percentage and rate and seedling vigor index tended to decrease with water potential reduce in temperature lower and higher than 20 degrees Celsius, and the amount of biochemical components of the seed (soluble sugar, soluble protein, proline, and catalase enzyme) also increase.
Conclusion: In general, germination and biochemical indices of seed of Fenugreek are sensitive to water potentials, aging, and seed germination temperatures, respectively. In terms of osmotic potential decrese, the germination temperature of less than 20 ° C resulted in increased germination resistance of fenugreek seed to a more negative water potential.
 
Highlights:
  1. Study of germination and biochemical properties of fenugreek seed aged under different level of osmotic potantials and temperatures.
  2. In areas with a lower osmotic potential it is better to cultivate Fenugreek seed at temperatures below 20 °C.

Marzie Soltani Alikooyi, Ali Abbasi Surki, Mohsen Mobini Dehkordi, Shahram Kiyani,
Volume 6, Issue 2 ((Autumn & Winter) 2020)
Abstract



Extended Abstract
Introduction: Salinity is one of the most serious abiotic stresses, causing instability in germination and seed emergence due to low osmotic potential and ionic toxicity. Development of simple and low-cost biologic methods is essential for short-term management of salt stress. The use of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria increases the rate and uniformity of germination. This research aimed to investigate the effect of bacterial growth-promoting bacteria on the germination and seedling growth indices of alfalfa c.v. Hamedani in different salinity levels.
Materials and Methods: A CRD factorial experiment with four replications was conducted in Seed Science and Technology Laboratory of Shahrekord University in 2016. The first factor consisted of 6 salinity levels 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 and 12.5 dS/m created with sodium chloride, and the second was four levels of bacterial pre-treatment: no inoculation with bacteria and biopriming, inoculation of alfalfa seeds with Acinetrobacter calcoaceticus PTCC 1318, Bacillus megaterium PTCC 1250 and Enterobacter aerogenes PTCC 1221. The seeds were treated with bacteria and placed at a 20 °C growth chamber. They were then irrigated with desired solutions depending on the salinity treatment. Germinated seeds were counted daily and the parameters of germination percentage and rate, seedling length, seedling dry weight, vigour index I, II and allometric coefficient were calculated after 10 days.
Results: Salinity levels higher than 10 dS/m reduced germination indices and seedling growth of alfalfa. The highest reductions were obtained for 12.5 ds/m salinity level versus control for germination percentage (10.81%), germination rate (49.48%), plumule and radicle length (13.30% and 28.88% respectively) and vigor index I and II, which were 30.27% and 6.28%, respectively. The seed treated with A. calcoaceticus was able to tolerate salinity stresses more than others. For example, the reduction for the seed treated with A. calcoaceticus was only 4%, compared with non-stressed control. In salinity conditions 2.5 and 5 dS/m, the highest rate of germination was obtained, using A. calcoaceticus bacteria. In addition, the seeds treated with E. aerogenes showed higher stability at different levels of salinity for seedling length traits. The highest vigour index related to the use of A. calcoaceticus in salinity was 7.5 ds/m.
Conclusions: A. calcoaceticus had a significant role in reducing the negative effects of salinity on germination percentage and rate, vigour index I and II and allometric coefficient while E. aerogenes bacteria were more effective in reducing negative effects of salinity on seedling length and dry weight.
 
 
Highlights:

  1. Acinetrobacter calcoaceticus bacterium increased the percentage and rate of germination of alfalfa seeds under salt stress.
  2. Enterobacter aerogenes bacteria efficiently adjusted the negative effects of salinity on alfalfa seedlings length and dry weight.

Keyvan Maleki, Elias Soltani, Iraj Alahdadi, Majid Ghorbani Javid,
Volume 6, Issue 2 ((Autumn & Winter) 2020)
Abstract



Extended abstract
Introduction: Conditional dormancy (CD) is a dynamic state between dormancy (D) and nondormancy (ND). Seeds at the conditional dormancy stage germinate over a narrower range of temporal conditions. Conditional dormancy is usually observed in seeds with physiological dormancy. However, primary conditional dormancy has also been seen in some freshly harvested seeds. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether freshly harvested oilseeds have non-dormancy or conditional dormancy.
Materials and Methods: A factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design with four replications at Seed Technology Laboratory of Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Iran, in 2018. In this experiment, seeds of rapeseed were collected from 20 different locations in Golestan and Mazandaran provinces. Following that, a germination test was carried out at different temperatures (5, 15, 20, 30, 35°C), and the germination percentage and seed germination rate were recorded. In order to break seed dormancy, two treatments were used: gibberellic acid and after-ripening. For after-ripening treatment, seeds were stored in a paper bag in a dry and dark environment for 6 months. For gibberellic acid treatment, a solution of 100 parts per million (PPM) of gibberellic acid was prepared and added to the Petri dishes. Subsequently, the percentage and rate of germination were recorded.
Results: The results showed that freshly harvested seeds had primary conditional dormancy and germinated in a narrow range of temporal conditions. In addition, cardinal temperatures for freshly harvested seeds were 4.45 and 27.8 for bases and ceilings, respectively. Following gibberellic acid and after-ripening treatments, seeds germinated in a wider range of temperatures and base and ceiling temperatures reached 1.74 and about 40°C, respectively. Thus, germination percentage of seeds treated with gibberellic acid and after-ripening increased at both high and low temperatures. However, the increase in germination percentage was higher at high temperatures than low temperatures. In addition, the effect of gibberellic acid treatment was more than that of after-ripening treatment on the release of dormancy, and after-ripening treatment had an intermediate effect between the gibberellic acid and freshly harvested seeds.
Conclusion: Based on the results of this experiment, the application of gibberellic acid and after-ripening treatments resulted in breaking the dormancy of freshly harvested seeds and increased germination temperature range at high and low temperatures.  Of the two treatments, gibberellic acid had the greatest effect on breaking dormancy and increasing temperature range. Among the cultivars, these changes were maximum in the germination capacity of Hyola 50 and Trapar cultivars and Trapar cultivar had minimum changes.
 
 
Highlights:
1-Conditional dormancy of oilseed cultivars was investigated under different environmental conditions.
2-Application of gibberellic acid and after-ripening treatments resulted in breaking primary conditional dormancy in oilseed cultivars.

Mohammad Reza Abbasi, Maryam Hajhassani, Abbas Mirakhorli, Ali Hamzehnejad, Azita Nakhaei, Gholamreza Khakizadeh, Ramezanali Alitabar, Rasoul Kanani, Maryam Asadipour, Fatholah Nadali, Hassan Mokhtarpour, Zargham Azizi, Ali Shahriari, Majid Rakhshandeh, Hassan Mostafaei, Sam Safari, Gholamreza Abadouz, Homa Manouchehri, Sahebdad Habibifar, Abdolnaser Mahdipour, Hassan Amirabadizadeh, Sahebdad Habibifar, Narges Kazerani, Seyed Norodin Lesani, Abdoul Houssein Askari, Asadolah Fathi, Mohammad Khamaledin Abbasi, Hassan Ghuchigh, Ali Soltani, Ahmad Ghasemi, Mohammad Javad Karami, Mohammad Zamanyan, Sadigheh Anahid, Mirjamaledin Pourpayghambar, Ali Reza Beheshti,
Volume 7, Issue 1 ((Spring and Summer) 2020)
Abstract



Extended abstract
 Introduction: One of approaches to reach sustainable agriculture is to exploit crop diversity, especially in legume species. Since Melilotus spp. (sweet clover) is a forage crop with a suitable yield especially in the marginal lands; therefore collection and characterization of this germplasm is the first effective step for its conservation and utilization in the country. Few accessions of Melilotus genetic resources had been collected in the National Plant Gene Bank of Iran, before this study.
Materials and Methods: Sweet clover genetic resources were collected all over the country using standard descriptors during two years. Twenty-six characteristics of collection sites were recorded and their descriptive statistics were estimated. The collected materials were planted in an experimental field to identify their life cycle. The seeds of collected germplasms were conserved in mid (2-4 °C)- and long (-20 °C)-terms conditions for further using.
Results: A total of 258 accessions were collected. The geographical altitude of plant origin differed from -11 m in Babolsar to 3090 m in Noor Abad in Lorestan. The materials were mostly collected from non-saline habitats. However, eight accessions were collected from mid to high salinity locations. Taxonomically, M. albus, M. officinalis, and M. indicus were identified with a number of 21, 201 and 36 accessions, respectively. M. dentatus and M. sulcatus, which have been mentioned in the former researches in Iran, were not collected in the recent study.
Conclusion: The collected germplasms from marginal lands (saline, low drainage and low fertility lands) may be tolerant to such marginal lands, therefore they can be exploited for the future research. All M. indicus species were annual; whereas there were annual as well as facultative and obligate biennial accessions in the two other species. Lack of access to M. dentatus and M. sulcatus may be an alarm that they may be threatened species in the country. Collected materials in this study along with the former collection in the Iranian National Plant Gene Bank (80 accessions) have provided high potentials of Melilotus genetic resources for exploitation in the further.

Highlights:
1- The three-fold increase in the Melilotus germplasms in the ex-situ conservation system.
2- Alarm for M. dentatus and M. sulcatus which may be threatened with extinction in the country.

Mahnaz Mansouri, Ali Moradi, Hamidreza Balouchi, Elias Soltani,
Volume 8, Issue 1 ((Spring and Summer) 2021)
Abstract

Extended abstract
Introduction: Seed is the most important sexual reproductive factor in plants that plays an important role in transmitting hereditary characteristics, plant distribution, and establishment in different regions. Seed germination as one of the most important and complex stages in the life cycle of plants is affected by genetic and environmental factors. Drought stress is one of the main barriers of crop plants and trees, production in many parts of the world, especially in arid and semi-arid regions such as Iran. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of drought stress on biochemical and seed germination indices of different seed lot of Ziziphus spina–christi as suitable medicinal species for controlling soil erosion in arid regions.
Materials and Methods: This experiment was conducted as a factorial based on a completely randomized design with four replications at the Seed Science and Technology Laboratory of Yasouj University in 2018. Experimental factors included Ziziphus spina–Christi seeds collected from the regions of Minab, Kazeroon, Masjed Soleiman, and Dehdasht and five water potentials including zero, -2, -4, -6, and -8 bar.
Results: In the present study, the effect of osmotic potential, seed lot, and their interaction were significant in each seed lot on germination (germination percentage, germination rate, seedling length, allometric index, longitudinal vigor) and biochemical (hydrogen peroxide, soluble protein content, Proline, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase) indices of Ziziphus spina–christi. The results showed that except for allometric index response of all studied germination traits to osmotic potential was decreasing, Also with increasing osmotic potential, seed soluble protein was decreased and the amount of proline and activity of catalase and ascorbate peroxidase increased. With increasing osmotic stress, the root length was significantly increased, which increased the allometric coefficient of the seedling.
Conclusion: Germination and biochemical indices of seeds of all seedlots had significant changes with the reduction of osmotic potential and the reduction of osmotic potential was associated with reduced germination and plant establishment capability. These results can help us to recognize the prerequisites of germination and the development of the forests.

Highlights:
1- Germination indices of seeds related to several Ziziphus spinachristi seed lots were investigated under different water potentials.
2- Biochemical aspects related to seed dormancy in several Ziziphus spinachristi seed lots were evaluated.


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