Plant Pathology Science
دانش بیماری شناسی گیاهی
Plant Pathol. Sci.
Agriculture
http://yujs.yu.ac.ir/pps
1
admin
2251-9270
2588-6290
8
10.61186/pps
14
8888
13
fa
jalali
1403
6
1
gregorian
2024
9
1
13
2
online
1
fulltext
fa
واکنش چهار رقم برنج ایرانی به بیماری سوختگی باکتریایی برگ
Reaction of four Iranian rice cultivars to bacterial leaf blight disease
باکتری
Bacteriology
پژوهشي
Research
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">برنج یک محصول غذایی مهم در جهان است. بیماری سوختگی باکتریایی برگ، ناشی از </span></span><span class="Char" style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="font-style:italic"><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"> </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""> </span></span><span class="Char" style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="font-style:italic"><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt">oryzae </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">pv.</span></span><span class="Char" style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="font-style:italic"><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"> </span></span></span> <span class="Char" style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="font-style:italic"><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt">Xanthomonas oryzae</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">یکی از بیماریهای مهم برنج است که </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">روی رقم­های</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">مختلف در جهان شایع است. شناسایی و کاشت رقم­های مقاوم یا نیمه­ مقاوم موثرترین روش مدیریت بیماری است. هدف از انجام این پژوهش، بررسی واکنش چهار رقم برنج ایرانی شیرودی، ستایش، فجر و هاشمی به بیماری در شرایط مزرعه بود. طی سالهای</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">1401</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">تا</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">1402،</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">نمونهبرداری از بوته ­های برنج دارای علایم بیماری از مناطق مختلف استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد، در جنوب­ غربی ایران انجام شد. بیمارگر، از برگهای آلوده پس از ضدعفونی سطحی</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""> آنها،</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""> روی محیط</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""> عصاره ­مخمر-دکستروز-کربنات­ کلسیم جداسازی شد. </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">باکتری جداشده، میلهای شکل، گرم منفی، هوازی اجباری، اکسیداز منفی، کاتالاز مثبت، لوان و لسیتیناز مثبت بود. آن باعث القای واکنش فوق حساسیت در برگ­های توتون شد و توانایی هیدرولیز نشاسته را نداشت، ولی ژلاتین، آسکولین و توئین 80 را هیدرولیز کرد. براساس مجموع خصوصیات مرفولوژیکی، بیوشیمیایی، بیماری­زایی و ژنوتیپی، بیمارگر</span></span><span class="Char" style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="font-style:italic"><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"> </span></span></span><span class="Char" style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="font-style:italic"><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt">oryzae </span></span></span> <span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">pv. </span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""> </span></span><span class="Char" style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="font-style:italic"><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"> X. oryzae </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">شناسایی شد</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">.</span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""> واکنش این چهار رقم­ ایرانی برنج به بیماری،</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">با مایه­ زنی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">بیمارگر و تعیین </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">میزان </span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">پیشرفت علایم</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">بیماری و </span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">رشد</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">جمعیت</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">باکتری درون بافت</span></span> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">رقم­های</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">مختلف</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت.</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">بین</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">رقمها</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">اختلاف</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">معنی­ داری</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">از</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">نظر</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">شاخص­های</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">طول</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">ناحیه</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">نکروز</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">برگ و</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">جمعیت</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">باکتری</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">در</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">بافت</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">وجود</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">داشت و</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">رقم هاشمی بیشترین</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">حساسیت</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">و</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">رقم</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">شیرودی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">کمترین</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">حساسیت به</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">بیماری</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">نشان</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin"">دادند</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">.</span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""> وقوع بیماری سوختگی باکتریایی برگ برنج در استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد و واکنش این رقم­ها به بیماری برای نخستین بار گزارش میشوند.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
<pre style="text-align:justify">
<span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="font-family:Consolas"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Rice is an important food crop in the world. Bacterial leaf blight, caused by <em><span style="color:#0e101a">Xanthomonas oryzae</span></em> pv. <em><span style="color:#0e101a">oryzae</span></em>, is one of the important diseases of rice that is prevalent in different cultivars in the world. Identifying and planting resistant or semi-resistant cultivars is the most effective method of disease management. This study aimed to investigate the reaction of four Iranian rice cultivars; Shiroodi, Setayesh, Fajr, and Hashemi, to the disease under field conditions. Rice plants with the disease symptoms were sampled from different regions of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province in southwestern Iran, during 2012-2013. The pathogen was isolated from infected leaves after their surface disinfection, on Yeast extract-dextrose-CaCO<sub>3</sub>(YDC) medium. The isolated bacterium was rod-shaped, gram-negative, obligate aerobic, oxidase negative, catalase positive, levan and lecithinase positive. It induced a hypersensitivity reaction in tobacco leaves and could not hydrolyze starch, but it hydrolyzed gelatin, ascoline, and Tween 80. Based on a comprehensive analysis of morphological, biochemical, pathogenicity, and genotypic traits, the pathogen was identified as <em><span style="color:#0e101a">X. oryzae</span></em> pv. <em><span style="color:#0e101a">oryzae</span></em>. The reaction of these four Iranian rice cultivars to the disease was evaluated by inoculating them with the pathogen, monitoring the progression of disease symptoms, and measuring the growth of the bacterial population in each cultivar. There was a significant difference among the cultivars in terms of the length of leaf necrosis and the bacterial population within the tissue, with the Hashemi cultivar exhibiting the highest sensitivity and the Shiroodi cultivar showing the lowest sensitivity to the disease. The occurrence of bacterial leaf blight disease in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province, as well as the reaction of these cultivars to the disease, are being reported for the first time.</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span></span></span></pre>
فجر, ستایش, شیرودی, هاشمی, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae
Blight, Detection, Xanthomonas, Resistance
39
48
http://yujs.yu.ac.ir/pps/browse.php?a_code=A-10-37-6&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
Jafar
Hematzadeh
جعفر
همت زاده
jh19900126@gmail.com
10031947532846005639
10031947532846005639
No
Yasouj University
دانشگاه یاسوج
Rasool
Rezaei
رسول
رضائی
rrezaei@yu.ac.ir
10031947532846005640
10031947532846005640
Yes
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran
دانشگاه یاسوج
Habiballah
Charehgani
حبیب اله
چارهگانی
habib.charegani@gmail.com
10031947532846005641
10031947532846005641
No
Yasouj University
دانشگاه یاسوج
Fariba
Ghaderi
فریبا
قادری
fghaderi2003@yahoo.com
10031947532846005642
10031947532846005642
No
Yasouj University
دانشگاه یاسوج