4
Journal of Oil Plants Production
9
2
1
2015
9
1
Effect of different nitrogen rates on phenology, plant height, yield components and seed yield of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)
1
12
FA
Valiollah
Rameeh
and Horticulture Crops Research Department, Mazandaran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Sari, Iran
Mohammad Bagher
Salimi
Researcher Jahad Agriculture of Mazandaran, Mazandaran, Iran
In order to evaluate the effect of different nitrogen fertilizer levels on physiological traits, plant height, yield components, and seed yield of rapeseed genotypes a split-plot experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications was carried out at the Baykola Agriculture Research Station, Mazaandaran during 2010-11. Four levels of nitrogen, as urea fertilizer, including of 0, 70, 140 and 210 kg ha-1 were considered as main plots and four rapeseed genotypes including of L7, Zafar, RGS003 and Hyola401 were considered as subplots. The result of analysis of variance revealed that the traits, including number of days to flowering, number of days to end of flowering, number of days to maturity, plant height, siliques pods per plant, seeds per silique, seed yield and oil yield were significantly affected by nitrogen levels. Genotype effect was significant effect on all the traits except seeds per silique. Hyloa401 and Zafar respectively with 3831.2 and 3893.7 kg ha-1 of seed yield, and also 1638 and 1591 kg ha-1 of oil yield were classified at the same statistical group. Non significant interaction effects of nitrogen fertilizer application and genotypes were achieved for all of the studied traits, indicated that the trend of variation of these traits due to nitrogen levels were similar in all genotypes. A significant positive correlation of seed yield with the other studied the traits, except days to flowering, indicated that increasing of nitrogen level application made increasing of the traits and finally seed yield.
4
Journal of Oil Plants Production
9
2
1
2015
9
1
Evaluation of growth stages and some quantitative indices in winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) varieties as affected by micro nutrient fertilizers under climatic condition of Arak
13
28
FA
Marefat
Mostafavi Rad
and Scientific Member of Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center of Guilan Province, Rasht, Iran
Esmaeil
Jadidi
Taghi
Babaei
Mohammad Hossein
Ansari
Deficiency of soil nutrient elements is one of the most important restricting factors of crop production. Hence, management of nutrition is necessary for optimizing of plant growth, yield increment and sustainability of crop production. In order to evaluate growth stages and some quantitative indices in winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) cultivars as affected by micronutrient fertilizers, a field experiment was performed in 2010-2011 cropping seasons as a split plot arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications in Arak, Iran. Eight micronutrient fertilizers (Zero as control, Fe, Zn, Mn, Fe + Zn, Fe + Mn, Zn + Mn, Fe + Zn + Mn) and four rapeseed cultivars (Zarfam, Okapi, Modena and Licord) were randomized in main plots and subplots, respectively. The result showed that, Okapi cultivar had the highest grain yield under no fertilization treatment (4194 kg/ha) and Zn + Mn (4011 kg/ha) treatments, respectively. Licord cultivar produced the highest grain yield (3998 kg/ha) at Mn treatment, but there were no significant differences between fertilizer levels. Okapi variety showed the highest biological yield as affected by Fe + Zn (13666 kg/ha), Zn + Mn (13221 kg/ha) and control (12944 kg/ha) treatments, respectively. In this experiment, the interaction between Licord Mn, Licord (Fe + Zn + Mn) and Okapi (Fe + Zn + Mn) had the highest harvest index (35.46, 34.77 and 32.23 percent), respectively. In addition, the interaction between Licord (Fe + Zn + Mn) showed the highest silique number (369.86) per plant. In general, seed yield and its component in rapeseed varieties showed different responses to micronutrient fertilizers. According to the results of this experiment, cultivation of Okapi and Licord varieties and application of Mn and Mn + Zn fertilizers cased to enhance seed yield of canola in Arak climatic conditions.
4
Journal of Oil Plants Production
9
2
1
2015
9
1
Study of genetic diversity and relationships among quantitative and qualitative traits in different soybean (Glaycine max L.( cultivars
29
41
FA
mhmoud
Ghorbanzadeh Neghab
, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad-Shirvan Higher Education Complex, Mashhad, Iran
Soybean is one of the most important oil production resources in the world. In order to study of genetic diversity and relationships among quantitative and qualitative traits of 14 soybean cultivars, an experiment was conducted as a randomaized complete block design with four replications in 2013 at the Agriculture Research Farm, Shirvan Higher Education Complex. 12 traits such as seed and components yield, protein and oil content were evaluated. The results showed that there were significant differences among genotypes for all traits except protein content, which indicates the existence of genetic variations between genotypes. Zane, Century and Clombus cultivars had the highest seed yield, although, the lowest yield was achieved in Habit cultivar. Results showed that seed yield was positively and significantly correlated with number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, number of seeds per plant,100 seed weight, oil content, protein content and harvest index and there were significant and negative correlation between seed yield with number of days from planting to flowering . The Zane cultivar had the highest oil content of 515.8 kg ha-1. Based on the stepwise regression and path analysis the grain yield of soybean cultivars were explained by the direct and indirect effects 100 seed weight, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod and number of seed per plant. Considering to the residual effects and the coefficient of determination (86.7 percent), the large proportion of the variation in seed yield of soybean were determined with these four traits of seed yield. Path analysis showed that the greater and lower direct positive effects on seed yield were related to 100-seed weight and seed number per plant, respectively. In general, Zane , Columbus and Cencurty cultivars due to their high oil and seed yields can be proposed cultiveting in North Khorasan.
4
Journal of Oil Plants Production
9
2
1
2015
9
1
Effect of drought stress and chitosan and salicylic spray on morphological parameters of Carthamus tinctorius L. in Sistan
43
56
FA
Ayub
Amiri
University of Zabol Zabol, Iran
Parviz
Yadolahi
Alireza
Siroosmehr
Sedigheh
Esmaeilzadeh
University of Zabol Zabol, Iran
To study the effects of drought stress and salicylic acid and Chitosan spraying on safflower, an experiment was conducted as a split plot design as base of a randomized complete block design with three replications. The drought stress had 4 levels ascontrol and irrigation after 25, 50 and 75% of soil available water as main plots and sprayin of salicylic acid (0.424 grams per liter), chitosan solution (5 g per liter) and both of them that were considered as sub-plots. drought stress reduced the number of heads per plant, head diameter, stem diameter, number of leaves, seed weight, seed weight and increased the percentage of hollowness of the seed. Application of chitosan and salicylic acid increased the distance of the first branch from the ground, head diameter, stem diameter, number of leaves, flowers, root length and weight and yield components as number of seeds per head, seed weight per head, seed weight and unfilled seed percentage. It seems salicylic acid and chitosan spray can be sugested to develop boost crop cultivation and increase safflower yield in the province of Sistan.
4
Journal of Oil Plants Production
9
2
1
2015
9
1
Effects of drought stress on soybean genotypes yield in northern Khouzestan conditions
57
69
FA
Seyed Ahmad
Kalantar Ahmadi
Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Iran
Jahanfar
daneshian
Seyed Hossein
Mahmoodinezhad Dezfully
Studyign of soybean cultivars under abiotic stress conditions to improve their yield is important. This experiment was carried out as a strip plot based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in the Safiabad Argicultural Research Center. Vertical factor consisted of foure levels of irrigation (Irrigation after 50, 90, 130 and 170 mm evaporation from class A pan) and horizontal factor was 6 soybean genotypes (504, Katoul, Safiabadi, BP×Safiabadi, Migmat and Salend). Results showed that the effect of drought stress, genotypes and their interactions were significant on grain yield. The mean comparison of drought stress × genotype interaction showed that the highest grain yield (4522 Kg ha-1) achieved in irrigation after 50 mm evaporation from class A pan in Migmat and the lowest grain yield (1017 Kg ha-1) belonged to Katoul genotype with irrigation after 170 mm evaporation from class A pan. Pod number per plant decreased by 16%, 28% and 51% with increasing irrigation intervals to 90, 130 and 170 mm compared to irrigation after 50 mm evaporation. The treatments did not have any significant effect on the number of grain per pod. It is concluded that, irrigation after 50 mm evaporation from class A pan would be suitable for Migmat and BP×Safiabadi genotypes. Irrigation after 90 mm evaporation from class A pan appropriate for 504, Salend, Katoul and Safiabadi genotypes.
4
Journal of Oil Plants Production
9
2
1
2015
9
1
Effect of humic acid application and foliar spraying of compost tea and vermiwash on nutrient absorption and chlorophyll content of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)
71
84
FA
azadeh
khoram ghahfarokhi
Student of Agronomy, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan
asghar
rahimi
Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan
benyamin
torabi
Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan
shahab
maddah hosseini
Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan
Humic acid as an organic acid produced by humus and other natural resources can improve nutrients absorption and seed yield. In order to study the effect of granular humic acid and foliar application of compost tea and vermiwash on nutrient absorption, chlorophyll content and seed yield of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.), an experiment was conducted as a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications in agricultural research farm at Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan. Treatments included of soil application of humic acid (0, 500, 1000 and 1500 kg ha-1) and foliar spraying of vermiwash 1:10, vermiwash 1:20, compost tea and distilled water as control. Results indicated that humic acid application had significant effect on the zinc, nitrogen and phosphorus content of shoot, chlorophyll index and seed yield. On the other hand, compost tea foliar application significantly influenced zinc and copper content of shoot, chlorophyll content and seed yield of safflower. It seems humic acid application (1500 kg.ha-1) in soil along with compost tea foliar application was the best treatment for producing of seed yield and higher nutrition absorption, chlorophyll content in safflower.
4
Journal of Oil Plants Production
9
2
1
2015
9
1
Effect of source and sink manipulation on photosynthesis rate and grain yield of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
85
97
FA
Seyed Abdolreza
Kazemeini
of Crop production and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
Fatemeh
Sadeghi
Shiraz University
Yahya
Emam
Shiraz University
In order to evaluate the effect of different levels of defoliation and grain removal on grain yield and photosynthesis rate of sunflower, a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications during 2012 growing season at College of Agriculture, Shiraz University. Treatments were defoliation at 3 levels (0, 50, and 75%) in heading stage and grain removal (without grain removal (control), removal of one half of the grains in inner or side parts) at pollination stage. It appeared that defoliation resulted in reduction of grain yield, 1000 grain weight and grain number. Apparently increased photosynthetic rates of reminder leaves may be considered a response to the reduction of leaf area however it did not generally sufficient to compensate the reduction of leaf area. The highest reduction of grain yield was recorded in 75% defoliation and removal of one-half of the grains in inner parts of head, compared to control. It can be concluded that grain yield of sunflower is more determined by limited source.
4
Journal of Oil Plants Production
9
2
1
2015
9
1
Effect of drought stress on seed yield, oil and protein of soybean (Glycine max) different cultivars
99
113
FA
Nilofar
Vahdi
esmaeil
gholinezhad
Assistant professor, Department of Agronomy, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
Sirous
Mansourifar
Leyla
Gheyrati Arani
Mehdi
Rahimi
This research in order to evaluate the effect of different levels of irrigation regime on yield and yield components of soybean in Urmia region at the Urmia agricultural high school Research during 2012 using split plot based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. Drought treatments (optimum irrigation 60 mm, moderate drought stress 110 mm and severe drought stress 160 mm evaporation by evaporation pan Class A) were included in main plots and the Cultivars (Clark, Williams and Onion) were allocated in subplots. The results of variance analysis showed that the effect of drought stress on seed yield, oil and protein content was significant (P<0.01), so that the maximum and minimum oil and protein value obtained by optimum irrigation and severe drought stress conditions, respectively. However, for relative water content and leaf chlorophyll, there was no significant difference. Severe drought stress reduced the grain yield by 63 and 45% compared to the optimum irrigation and moderate stress conditions, respectively. In optimum irrigation and severe drought stress conditions, the highest seed yield, oil yield and protein yield, obtained by Onion genotype. A Clark genotype in comparison with other cultivars had the minimum seed yield, in severe drought stress conditions.