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Effect of Seed Priming with Gibberellic Acid and Salicylic Acid on Germination Characteristic and Seed and Seedlings Physiological Quality of Lentil (Lens culinaris)
Mohsen Azarnia, Abbas Biabani, Hamid Reza Eisvand, Ebrahim Gholamalipour Alamdari, Saeed Safikhani,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (8-2016)
Abstract

One of the important strategies for increasing germination speed and germination percentage, to produce high-quality seedling and plant optimal establishment is seed priming. In order to evaluate reactions of a lentil seed to priming duration and concentrations of the applied material as priming, a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three replications was done in the agronomy laboratory of agriculture and Natural Resources College of Gonbad Kavous University in 2013. Factors included priming duration (4, 8 and 12 h) and various concentrations of the priming (hydro priming, hormonal priming by gibberellic acid and salicylic acid with the concentrations of 50, 100 and 150 ppm and non primed seeds). Results showed that the interaction effect of the concentrations and duration of the priming was significant on whole measured traits except the seed vigor index, germination percentage and seedling dry weight at 1% probability level. The lowest duration of germination (5, 10, 90 and 95%) obtained in the hydropriming treatment (2.72, 5.43 and 18.17 hour). The highest radicle fresh weight was observed in hydropriming treatment in three studied durations priming. In this study; the highest rate of germination obtained from GA50ppm during 12 hours. GA50ppm increased Germination percentage (98%). The greatest radicle length, shoot length and relative growth rate was obtained in the treatment of the gibberellic acid 100 ppm during 8 hours. All the average, gibberellic acid 100 ppm in 8h had an additive effect on the most of the measured traits of the lentil seed. Therefore, it can be introduced as the best mixture treatment.


Investigating the effects of nano and micro iron chelate to alleviate salinity stress damages at hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis) germination and seedling stages
Bijan Shadkam, Mohammed Hussain Gharineh, Amin Lotfi Jalalabadi, Seyed Amir Mousavi,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (9-2023)
Abstract
Extended Abstract
Introduction: Salinity stress is one of the important damaging factors for seed germination which interrupts the uptake of some nutrients by lowering soil water potential and causing ion toxicity due to salt accumulation inside the seeds. Since hyssop seeds are sensitive to salinity stress in the early stages of seed germination, it is necessary to investigate seed enhancement methods to improve seed germination in this species under saline conditions. In this research, the effects of seed priming using iron were studied on hyssop seed germination characteristics under salinity stress conditions.
Material and Methods: This research was conducted as two separate factorial experiments in complete random design with three replications. The treatments included five levels of iron nano-chelate and micro-chelate (zero, 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg /l) and six levels of salinity (zero, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 mM) and two priming durations. It included 12 and 24-hours.
Results: The results showed that with the increase in salinity, the germination characteristics declined so at 200 mM of salinity, seedling growth declined significantly and ceased completely at 250 mM level. Application of iron micro-chelate under non-stress conditions did not have any positive effect on hyssop germination, and the use of distilled water for 12 hours worked better than iron nano-chelate. No significant difference was observed among the different concentrations in micro-iron treatment. Application of nano and micro chelate at 100 and 150 mM salinity stress had a stronger effect so that nano iron chelate concentrations of 200 mg/L for 12 hours and 100 and 200 mg per liter concentrations of iron micro chelate had the highest germination, seedling growth, and seed germination in 24 hours. The amount of soluble protein and peroxidase and catalase activity increased at 50 mg/L salinity but decreased at higher salinities. Also, pretreatment of seeds with an iron micro-chelate and nano iron chelate concentration of 200 mg/liter intensified this process.
Conclusion: Conclusion: The results of this study showed that seed germination of hyssop is highly declined due to salinity stress, so the seedlings were unable to grow at a salinity concentration of 200 mg/L. Moreover, germination does not occur at 250 mg/liter salinity. Also, seed pretreatment of this plant is not justifiable under non-stress and mild stress conditions, and pretreatment with iron chelate had negative effects and was ineffective at best. However, iron chelate application at high salinity levels- especially in the nanoscale with a concentration of 200 mg/liter for 12 hours- is effective in reducing the effect of salinity.

Highlights:
1- The role of the iron element was investigated by seed pretreatment method to alleviate the negative effects of salinity stress on hyssop seed germination characteristics.
2- The nanotechnology used in the production of iron fertilizer and its effect on improving the germination characteristics of hyssop under salinity stress were investigated.

Germination indices and morphological properties of Catharanthus roseus Seedlings affected by hormone-priming technique under polyethylene glycol drought stress
Marziyeh Ababaf, Heshmat Omidi, Abdolmehdi Bakhshandeh,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (9-2023)
Abstract
Extended Abstract
Introduction: Various strategies have been used to improve growth and productivity of crops through genetic approach, genetic engineering, and breeding. However, economic feasibility and ease of use can pave the way for the application of priming techniques as "stress relievers" in agricultural production. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of priming Catharanthus roseus seed with phytohormones of salicylic acid and Jasmonic acid under drought stress to reduce the effect of water limitation during the germination.
Materials and Methods: Two separate studies were conducted as a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three replications at the Laboratory of Seed Science and Technology of Shahed University, Tehran. In the first experiment, treatments included priming in two levels of SA (0.5 and 1mM) and priming duration in two levels (24 and 48 hours), and drought stress with polyethylene glycol 6000 in 6 levels (0, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 Mpa). In the second experiment, treatments included JA (10 µM), priming duration in two levels (12, and 24 hours) and drought stress in levels six (0, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 Mpa). Dry seeds (without pretreatment) were considered as control.
Results: In this study, drought stress treatments -1.5 and -2 Mpa in the first experiment and -1, -1.5 and -2 Mpa in the second one had no germination. Seed priming with SA and JA improved the percentage of seed germination so that in the first experiment, the highest percentage of germination (97.33) was observed under stress-free conditions with the application of 0.5 mM salicylic acid for 48 hours, which was 12.2% higher than the control treatment. 0.5 Mm of SA treatment with 24 hours of priming showed the highest percentage of germination under drought stresses of -0.1 and -0.5 Mpa. However, under drought stress conditions of -1 Mpa, 0.5 mM SA+48 hours treatment was superior compared to other treatments of salicylic acid and time. In the second experiment, the highest percentage of germination (98.3) was in the concentration of 10 μM jasmonic acid during 24 hours of priming under stress-free conditions, which showed an increase of 40.4% compared to the control treatment.
Conclusion: The results of the present study showed the importance of salicylic acid and jasmonic acid during seed germination stage under drought stress. Seed priming with salicylic acid alleviated the damages caused by drought stress on germination and growth. The process of adaptation to stress started by jasmonic acid can be attributed to pretreatment with jasmonic acid before applying drought stress.

Highlights:
  1. The effect of priming Catharanthus roseus seeds with salicylic acid and jasmonic acid phytohormones on the germination characteristics of seeds under drought stress was investigated.
  2. Priming Catharanthus roseus seeds with salicylic acid improved the germination percentage and characteristics of seeds under drought stress.

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