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Showing 3 results for Chitosan
Vahid Mansouri Gandomany, Heshmat Omidi, Mohammad Rezaei Charmahin,
Volume 3, Issue 2 (2-2017)
Volume 3, Issue 2 (2-2017)
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of pretreatment of chitosan biological compounds on seeds of soybean (Glycine max L. cv. Williams) under salt stress conditions, a factorial experiment was conducted, adopting a completely randomized design with three replications at Shahed University in 2015. Factors examined included the combination of chitosan at three levels (0, 0.25 and 0.5 the weight-volume) and salinity at 4 levels (0, 5, 5.7 and 10 dS/m). The results showed that the interaction of chitosan and salinity had a significant impact on seed germination characteristics such as germination percentage, germination rate, mean germination time, normal seedling and physiological characteristics such as proline and soluble sugars of shoots. In contrast to salt stress increase of 30%, and an increase of 24 and 35% of proline and soluble sugars of the shoot, pretreatment of chitosan (0.25%) improves seedling germination characteristics of soybeans. Given the impact of the treatments of chitosan on seed germination and seedling growth of soybean, it is possible to introduce 0.25% W/V chitosan as a treatment to deal with conditions of salinity.
Haniyeh Saadat, Mohammad Sedghi, Raouf Seyed Sharifi, Salim Farzaneh,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (3-2023)
Volume 9, Issue 2 (3-2023)
Abstract
Introduction: Today, population growth has placed a significant burden on global agricultural resources. As a result, meeting global food demand and increasing farmers' incomes has become a challenging task. Salinity is one of the most harmful factors in the arid and semi-arid regions of the world that influences crop production. Seed priming is a technology by which seeds are physiologically and biochemically prepared for germination before being placed in their bed and exposed to the ecological conditions of the environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the effect of chitosan on bean germination indices under salt stress.
Materials and Methods: The experiment was conducted as factorial based on a completely randomized design with four replications in a row (tube or sandwich culture) between filter paper at the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili in 2021. Treatments included four salinity levels (0, 50, 100, and 150 Mm) and four chitosan levels (0, 25, 50, and 75% by weight volume), all of which had been dissolved in 1% acetic acid. The studied traits included germination coefficient, allometric coefficient, daily germination rate, mean daily germination, seedling length and weight index, radicle length, plumule length, seedling length, radicle fresh and dry weight, plumule fresh and dry weight and residual dry weight. Data analysis was performed using the SAS 9.2 software and Duncan's test at p<0.05 probability level was used for mean comparison.
Results: The results showed that salinity stress decreased allometric coefficient (AC), seedling length vigor index (SLVI), radicle and seedling length (RL and SL), and radicle fresh and dry weight (RFW and RDW) and increased daily germination rate (DGS) and residual dry weight (RDW). Seed pretreatment with chitosan increased AC, SLVI, RL, SL, RFW, and RDW. The comparison of the means showed that there was a significant difference between the levels of chitosan so that the highest number of traits was obtained from the use of 75% chitosan and the lowest was obtained from the chitosan-free treatment. SLVI, SL, and RDW in 75% chitosan pre-treatment were higher at about 31, 26, and 27% compared to the control (priming with distilled water), respectively. The highest AC was observed in priming with 50% chitosan. Comparison of the mean for salinity stress also showed that the highest and lowest values of the measured traits respectively were obtained from the application of 0 and 150 Mm salinity levels. Also, with increasing salinity, chitosan increased germination coefficient (GC), seedling weight vigor index (SWVI), plumule length (PL), and plumule fresh and dry weight (PFW and PDW).
Conclusions: The results of this study show that among the different treatments, pre-treatment of seeds with 75 % Chitosan may be considered an effective way to improve seed germination of bean. It also can reduce the harmful effects of salinity stress on some traits in bean seedlings and improve seedling growth. Also, pretreatment with distilled water is an easy, low-cost and effective way to increase bean seedling germination and growth indices. Farmers can use this method for fast germination and better seedling growth under salt stress conditions.
Highlights:
- The effect of different concentrations of chitosan on the germination of bean seeds was investigated.
- Priming with chitosan increased the allometric coefficient, seedling length vigor index, radicle and seedling length, and radicle fresh and dry weight.
- A suitable method for reducing the harmful effects of salinity and increasing germination indicators of beans was introduced.
Haniyeh Saadat, Mohammad Sedghi, Raouf Seyed Sharifi, Salim Farzaneh,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (3-2024)
Volume 10, Issue 2 (3-2024)
Abstract
Extended Abstract
Introduction: At present, the drastic increase in population has created an additional burden on the world's agricultural resources. As a result, meeting global food demand and increasing farmers' incomes has become a challenging task. Salinity is one of the abiotic stresses that strongly affect the germination, growth, and yield of crops. Seed priming is a simple technology that hydrates seeds to the point where the metabolic activity for germination is initiated without radicle emergence. In fact, the seeds are physiologically and biochemically prepared to germinate before being placed in their bed and exposed to environmental conditions. This research was conducted to investigate the effect of seed priming with chitosan on germination indices and biochemical traits of beans under salt stress.
Materials and Methods: This experiment was conducted at the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili in 2021 as a factorial in the form of a completely randomized design with four repetitions. The treatments included four levels of salinity (0, 50, 100, and 150 mM) and four levels of chitosan (0, 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75% w/v), all of which were dissolved in 1% acetic acid.
Results: The results showed that salinity stress decreased germination percentage (GP), peak value (PV), and germination value (GV). However, seed priming with different levels of chitosan, especially 0.75% chitosan, improved GP, PV, and GV by 7, 21, and 17%, respectively, compared to the control. Proline content and polyphenol oxidase enzyme activity went up with increasing salinity. However, the application of chitosan 0.75% increased these traits by 34% and 43%, respectively, compared to the control (priming with distilled water). Electrolyte leakage in priming with 0.75% chitosan decreased by 31% compared to the control, which indicates the maintenance of the cell membrane stability. The content of soluble sugars in the treatment with 0.75% chitosan and 150 mM salinity showed an increase of about 78% compared to the control. The highest correlation among traits was observed between peak value and germination coefficient (r2=0.99) and between proline and polyphenol oxidase enzyme (r2=0.92).
Conclusions: The results of this study show that among the different treatments, pre-treatment of seeds with 75 % Chitosan may be considered an effective way to improve germination indices and biochemical characteristics of beans and it can be used as a treatment to deal with salinity conditions in bean seedlings and improve their seedling growth.
Highlights:
Introduction: At present, the drastic increase in population has created an additional burden on the world's agricultural resources. As a result, meeting global food demand and increasing farmers' incomes has become a challenging task. Salinity is one of the abiotic stresses that strongly affect the germination, growth, and yield of crops. Seed priming is a simple technology that hydrates seeds to the point where the metabolic activity for germination is initiated without radicle emergence. In fact, the seeds are physiologically and biochemically prepared to germinate before being placed in their bed and exposed to environmental conditions. This research was conducted to investigate the effect of seed priming with chitosan on germination indices and biochemical traits of beans under salt stress.
Materials and Methods: This experiment was conducted at the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili in 2021 as a factorial in the form of a completely randomized design with four repetitions. The treatments included four levels of salinity (0, 50, 100, and 150 mM) and four levels of chitosan (0, 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75% w/v), all of which were dissolved in 1% acetic acid.
Results: The results showed that salinity stress decreased germination percentage (GP), peak value (PV), and germination value (GV). However, seed priming with different levels of chitosan, especially 0.75% chitosan, improved GP, PV, and GV by 7, 21, and 17%, respectively, compared to the control. Proline content and polyphenol oxidase enzyme activity went up with increasing salinity. However, the application of chitosan 0.75% increased these traits by 34% and 43%, respectively, compared to the control (priming with distilled water). Electrolyte leakage in priming with 0.75% chitosan decreased by 31% compared to the control, which indicates the maintenance of the cell membrane stability. The content of soluble sugars in the treatment with 0.75% chitosan and 150 mM salinity showed an increase of about 78% compared to the control. The highest correlation among traits was observed between peak value and germination coefficient (r2=0.99) and between proline and polyphenol oxidase enzyme (r2=0.92).
Conclusions: The results of this study show that among the different treatments, pre-treatment of seeds with 75 % Chitosan may be considered an effective way to improve germination indices and biochemical characteristics of beans and it can be used as a treatment to deal with salinity conditions in bean seedlings and improve their seedling growth.
Highlights:
- Seed priming using chitosan improved germination indices of common bean seeds under salt stress.
- Priming with chitosan increased proline and polyphenol oxidase enzyme.
- A chitosan concentration of 0.75 V/W showed a better effect on germination indices and biochemical characteristics.
- Priming with chitosan can be a suitable method to mitigate the negative effects of salinity, increase germination indices, and improve the biochemical characteristics of beans.
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Seed Science and Technology, Seed Physiology, Seed Ecology, Modeling, Seed Health, Germination Characteristics, Seed Dormancy, Seed Ageing, Seed Storage, Seed PrimingVote
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