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Showing 11 results for Hadi

Khadijeh Badpa, Mohsen Movahhedi Dehnavi, Alireza Yadavi,
Volume 2, Issue 2 ((Autumn & Winter) 2016)
Abstract

To evaluate the interaction of Cd and SA on seed germination of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L. cv. Soffe), this experiment was carried out as a factorial based on CRD with four replications in 2012, in Yasouj University seed lab. Factors included of four levels of seed priming with SA (0, 0.3, 0.6, and 0.9 mM) and eight levels of cadmium nitrate (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 mM). In all Cd treatments, SA 0.9 mM had maximum germination percentage (84% in 0 mM Cd) and rate (6.58 seed day-1 in 5 mM Cd), radical length (4.21 cm in 0 mM Cd) and stem (3.29 cm in 0 mM Cd), radical dry mater (2.25 mg in 0 mM Cd), shoot dry matter (0.94 mg in 0 mM Cd) and seed vigor index (6.30 in 0 mM Cd). Generally, seed priming with SA decreased the impact of Cd on seed germination and SA 0.9 mM was the best treatment.


Ali Ghatei, Ghasem Parmoon, Zahra Amin Deldar, Hadi Ghamary,
Volume 2, Issue 2 ((Autumn & Winter) 2016)
Abstract

In order to evaluate the effect of hydropriming on seed germination of Vigna radiata under salinity stress, an experiment was arranged in a factorial based on a completely randomized design with three replications in the laboratory of the Agricultural College of the University of Ramin Khuzestan. Treatments were salinity stress at 4 levels (0, 3, 6 and 9 Mmhos) and hydro priming at 3 levels (1, 1.5 and 3 h) and two sizes of seed (small and large seeds) that was carried out by NaCl. Results showed that all of the germination characteristics decreased with increased salinity, but this decrement for seeds that primed at a long time, was less. Also at all characteristics, small seeds, showed better reactions than large seeds. Generally, hydropriming was improved germination characteristics of Vigna radiata under saline conditions. According to this experiment, hydropriming improved germination and establishment.


Nasrin Farhadi, Ahmad Estaji, Saeedeh Alizadeh Salteh,
Volume 3, Issue 1 ((Spring and Summer) 2016)
Abstract

The seed pretreatment with salicylic acid has an important role in improving seed germination and increasing plant resistance to environmental stresses. This study was performed to investigate the effect of salicylic acid on seed germination of Milk thistle under salinity and drought stress. A factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications. Treatments consisted of 4 levels of salicylic acid (0, 100, 200 and 300 mg/l) and four levels of each drought and salinity stress (0, - 4, - 6, - 8 Bar). The results showed an interaction effect between pretreatment with salicylic acid and drought and salinity stresses was significant at the 1 % level. On high salinity level (-8 Bar), seed germination percentage and rate, root and shoot length, fresh and seedling dry weight reduced significantly. The short length, fresh weight and percent germination reduced in all three levels of drought stress. Pretreatment with salicylic acid (200 and 300 mg/L) significantly reduce the harmful effects of drought and salinity stress (-6 and -8 Bar) on germination and seedling growth parameters of Milk thistle. The results of this experiment showed that seed treatment with salicylic acid can lead to increase the resistance of Milk thistle to salinity and drought stress in seed germination.


Hossein Sadeghi, Mohammad Delaviz, Hadi Pirasteh-Anosheh, Gholamhassan Ranjbar,
Volume 3, Issue 1 ((Spring and Summer) 2016)
Abstract

Germination is the first and the most stages for sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) growth; which it has especially sensitivity to environmental stresses such as alkalinity. The current study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of seed pre-treatment methods on improving sainfoin tolerance to alkali stress in germination, early growth and its recovery as a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design in College of Agriculture, Shiraz University in 2013. The first factor was four seed pre-treatment methods (seed with the pod, seed without the pod, pre-chilling of seed without pod and hydro-priming of seed without pod) and the second factor was five alkali stress levels (pH= 6.7, 7.9, 8.9, 9.8 and 10.7). Alkali stress levels were prepared using two neutral salts (Na₂SO4 and NaCl) and two alkaline salts (NaHCO3 and Na2CO3). The results showed that germination percentage was decreased as alkalinity (pH) levels were enhanced; so that, there were no germinated seeds in 9.8 and 10.7 treatments. Alkali stress reduced initial germination percentage (51.9%), final germination percentage (51.8%), plumule length (55.7%) and radicle length (72.2%). Under all alkalinity conditions, the lowest seed germination and seedling growth were observed in with pod seed, followed by pre-chilling treatments; while their highest were achieved in without pod seeds and hydro-priming treatments. The highest recovery was observed in without the pod, followed by hydro-primed seeds. Recovery was observed in Pre-chilled and with pod speeds up to 7.9 and in hydro-primed and without pod speeds up to 8.9.


Gholamhassan Ranjbar, Hossein Ghadiri,
Volume 3, Issue 2 ((Autumn & Winter) 2017)
Abstract

A controlled experiment was run to quantify emergence of Kochia indica under different temperature, salinity and seeding depth levels at Yazd National Salinity Research Center in 2013. Treatments were five day/night temperature regimes: 20/10, 25/15, 30/20, 35/25 and 40/30 °C, five salinity levels: 2, 6, 10, 14 and 18 dS m-1, and seeding depth on the surface (0 mm), 5, 10 and 15 mm. Final emergence percentage, emergence rate index and elapsed time (days) to reach 50% of the maximum emergence were measured. The results showed that the highest and lowest final emergence percentages were observed at 25/15°C and 40/30°C day/night, respectively. Final emergence percentages at salinity levels of 6, 10, 14 and 18 dS m-1were, respectively, 9, 22, 36 and 57% lower than 2 dS m-1. Final emergence percentages for 5, 10 and 15 mm seeding depths were, respectively, 30, 44 and 72% lower, as compared with the placement of seeds on the soil surface. Regression analysis showed that final emergence percentage linearly decreased with increase in salinity and seeding depth levels. However, elapsed time (days) to reach 50% of the maximum emergence (T50), increased as salinity and seeding depth increased, so that the highest T50 was obtained for 18 dS m-1 and seeding depth of 15 mm. Increase in salinity and seeding depth was associated with a significant decrease in emergence rate index. In addition, using a logistic regression equation, emergence rate of K. indica was quantified on each day after sowing for each temperature-salinity combination to predict the distribution range of the plant in these situations.
 


Ali Namvar, Raouf Seyed Sharifi, Hashem Hadi,
Volume 4, Issue 2 ((Autumn & Winter) 2018)
Abstract

In order to study the effects of different levels of salinity on germination components of wheat cultivars, a factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design with three replications. Experimental factors were wheat cultivars at eight levels (Saysons, Gaspard, Finkan, MV-17, Chamran, Sardari, Atila-4 and Azar-2) and six levels of salinity (0, 25, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mM NaCl). The results indicated that salinity had significant effects on all of the traits studied (i.e., radicle length and dry weight, plumule length and dry weight, remaining seed weight after germination, seedling weight, the longest radicle and plumule, number of radicle per seed, ratio of radicle weight to plumule weight and rate, and uniformity and percentage of germination). All of these traits declined with an increase in the salinity (except the ratio of radicle weight to plumule weight, remaining seed weight after germination and seedling weight). The highest ratio of radicle weight to plumule weight, remaining seed weight after germination and seedling weight were recorded in the salinity of 200 mM NaCl. The cultivars showed significant effects on all of the traits studied (except remaining seed weight after germination and seedling weight). Chamran cultivar showed the highest number of radicle per seed, the ratio of radicle weight to plumule weight, rate and percentage of germination. The highest radicle length and the longest radicle were obtained from the Sardari cultivar while in Azar-2 cultivar it was vice versa in plumule. Atila-4 cultivar showed the highest radicle and plumule weight. It seems that compared with other cultivars, out of the cultivars studied, Chamran, Azar-2, Sardari and Atila-4 were more resistant to salinity stress.

 
 Highlights:

  1. Introduction of wheat cultivars with more tolerance to salinity conditions at germination stage.
  2. Study of eight different wheat cultivars in terms of germination indices under salinity stress conditions.

Farnaz Porali, Farshid Ghaderi-Far, Elias Soltani, Mohammad Hadi Palevani,
Volume 5, Issue 2 ((Autumn & Winter) 2019)
Abstract



Extended abstract
Introduction: Germination speed is one of the most important germination indices, used in most studies to compare the effects of different treatments on seed germination. Researchers use the reverse time up to 50% maximum germination (1/D50) to calculate the germination rate. One of the methods used for calculating the D50 is the utilization of nonlinear regression models such as Logestic, Gompertz, Richard, Weibull and Hill. In addition, for the purpose of calculating this parameter, simple empirical models such as the model presented by Farooq et al. and Ellis and Roberts are used. The question which arises is which of these methods has more precision predicting D50. The purpose of this study was to calculate D50, using different methods in seed germination of cotton.
Material and Methods: In this experiment, cottonseeds were placed at three temperatures of 15, 25 and 40°C with three replications, and germinated seeds were counted daily several times. To calculate D50, several nonlinear regression models including Gompertze, Logestic, Hill (the four-parameter), Richard and Weibull models were used. Moreover, for the purpose of calculating D50, the models presented by Farooq et al. and Ellis and Roberts were used.
Results: The results showed that all nonlinear regression models exhibited suitable fit to germination data. However, logestic, Hill and Weibull showed better predictability of D50, compared with other models. Besides, D50 calculated by the Farooq model was similar to that estimated by nonlinear regression models, whereas D50 estimated by the Ellis and Roberts model was higher than that estimated by other models.
Conclusions: The results of this study showed that both non-linear regression models and the model developed by Farooq could be used to calculate D50 of cottonseed. In general, the results of this study showed that nonlinear regression models could be used to calculate D50. In this research, Logestic, Hill, and Weibull showed good fit for cumulative seed germination data of cotton seeds versus time at different temperatures. These models have coefficients that have a biological concept that includes maximum germination percentage, time to 50% maximum germination and time to start germination. Moreover, when researchers only seek to measure D50 and are not familiar with the statistical software, they can use the empirical formula presented in this research.
 
Highlights:
  1. Calculating D50 in cottonseeds, using different methods.
  2. Using nonlinear regression models to calculate D50 in cottonseeds.
  3. Developing a proper method which is more accurate, and better lends itself to calculating D50 of cottonseeds.

Hadi Pirasteh-Anosheh,
Volume 7, Issue 1 ((Spring and Summer) 2020)
Abstract



Extended abstract
Introduction: Camelthorn (Alhagi maurorum) has a high tolerance to salt and water stresses, and its forage quality is greater than cereal straw and is equal to alfalfa. Seeds of camelthorn do not germinate easily due to the hard seed coat. Therefore, camelthorn cultivation as an agricultural crop needs more research, especially on breaking seed dormancy and increasing germination. Despite numerous studies about camelthorn as a weed, there are few studies on evaluating agronomic factors of camelthorn as a field crop. Hence, in this study, some aspects of germination and salinity tolerance of camelthorn were examined.
Materials and Methods: In this research, different aspects of camelthorn germination were examined at the National Salinity Research Center in 2018. In the first experiment, different pretreatments including control, sandpaper, hydro-priming, hot water, and sulphuric acid were assessed. With the selection of sulphuric acid as the best treatment, varying durations (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 min) and concentrations (98% and 75%) of sulphuric acid priming were compared in the second and third experiments. In the fourth experiment, the seeds collected in 2018 were compared with the seeds collected in 2017 and 2016. The effect of different salt stress levels (0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 dS m-1) was evaluated on camelthorn germination and early growth in the fifth experiment. In the sixth experiment, lighting regimes including continuous dark, continuous light, and an alternative period of dark- light were examined and in the seventh experiment sibling factors (together and individual seeds) were evaluated. Seed germination and seedling length were calculated and salinity tolerance threshold levels and 50% reduction threshold were estimated.
Results: The results of the first experiment showed that the highest germination percentage was obtained in sulphuric acid priming (56.6%), which was six folds greater than the control. In the second experiment, it was shown that the highest germination percentage (81.1%) and seedling growth (5.7 cm) was observed in sulphuric acid priming 98% for 25 min. Important note was that these results were related to domestically produced sulphuric acid, and the highest germination and seedling growth were observed in 75% concentration for the imported sulphuric acid. In the fourth experiment, it was found that at least 3 years of seed longevity had no significant effect on seed germination. Considerable losses in germination and growth were observed from 30 dS m-1 salinity level; however, germination did not completely stop even at 36 dS m-1 salinity. In the sixth and the seventh experiments, it was found that there were no significant differences between seeds germination in the continuous dark, continuous light, and an alternative period of dark- light as well as between individual and together seeds. So, camelthorn seed is not photoblastic and had no negative sibling factor.
Conclusions: Generally, it was concluded that the best method for improving germination is priming with sulphuric acid 98% (internal) or 75% (imported) for 25 min. According to achievement of high germination in sulphuric acid pre-treatments (chemical scarification), it seems that seed dormancy in camelthorn is presumably physical. Furthermore, although the salinity tolerance threshold of this plant is estimated 14.2 dS m-1, it can germinate minimally even in very higher salinity. Light salt stress not only decreases the germination of this plant but also is necessary for growth promoting. Based on the high salinity tolerance of camelthorn in the germination stage, its cultivation in haloculture systems is recommended for more investigation.

Highlights:
1- Sulphuric acid 98% priming for 25 min led to breaking seed dormancy and acceptable camelthorn germination.
2- In moderate salinity, germination was not significantly changed and seedling growth was promoted compared with the non-stress conditions.
3- Salinity tolerance threshold level of camelthorn was estimated 14.2 dS m-1.

Khadijeh Sourazar, Mohammad Sedghi, Raouf Seyed Sharifi,
Volume 9, Issue 1 ((Spring and Summer) 2022)
Abstract

Extended Abstract
Introduction: The germination stage ensures the durability, establishment, and final yield of plants.  The final density of plants per unit area is resulted when the planted seeds germinate fully and with adequate rate. Plants mainly undergo abiotic stresses that are a considerable constraint for agricultural production worldwide. Seed priming is one of the simplest and cheap methods to improve seed germination, acceleration of seedling growth and establishment, uniformity, reduction of flowering time, vigorous seedling production, etc which leads to improved quality and yield of crop under stressful and non-stressful conditions. This study aimed to investigate the effect of different types of priming on enzymatic and physiological changes of French bean seed under cobalt chloride stress conditions.
Materials and Methods: To examine the effect of priming on germination indices, the activity of antioxidant enzymes and proteins in French bean under cobalt chloride stress, a factorial experiment was performed in a completely randomized design with three replications. These factors included four levels: seed priming with 100 mg / l salicylic acid and mannitol, control and distilled water (no priming), and three levels of cobalt chloride stress (0, 100, and 200 mg / l).
Results: The results showed that with increasing cobalt chloride concentration, germination indices (germination rate, root length, root fresh weight, stem fresh weight and stem dry weight) decreased. However, in the pretreatment of distilled water, salicylic acid, and mannitol there was a significant increase in germination indices (mean germination time, radicle length, plumule length, fresh radicle weight, and weight plumule) was observed. The interaction effect of priming and cobalt chloride caused an increase in radicle dry weight compared to control × stress treatment. The highest values of fresh radicle weight (14.4 g), dry weight of plumule (0.27 g), and plumule length (0.17 cm) were obtained in hydro priming pretreatment. The results also showed that hormone priming under stress conditions of 200 and 100 mg / l cobalt chloride increased protein content and polyphenol oxidase activity of French bean seedlings compared with the control treatment, respectively. Osmo priming increased the activity of catalase and peroxidase enzymes under stress and non-stress conditions resulted by 200 mg / l cobalt chloride.
Conclusion: according to the results of the present study, cobalt chloride reduced some physiological and biochemical traits of French bean seeds. However, the French bean has a relatively high cobalt chloride tolerance capacity, so that it showed good tolerance to different concentrations of cobalt chloride for up to 9 days.

Highlights:
1- The effect of different concentrations of cobalt chloride and different types of priming on the germination of French bean seeds was investigated.
2- French bean seedling protein content increased under the influence of hormone priming.

Vahid Mohasseli, Mahmood Izadi, Mohammad Hadi Roohian,
Volume 9, Issue 2 ((Autumn & Winter) 2023)
Abstract

Extended Abstract
Introduction: Lentil is a dicot, annual, and cross-pollinating plant that is found mainly in Fars, Khuzestan and East Azerbaijan provinces. The seeds of the plant are used in the treatment of cholesterol and blood sugar. Abiotic stresses such as salinity are important factors in reducing plant growth and yield. Although salinity can remarkably affect plant growth, its intensity depends on duration, type, plant species and growth stage. The greatest effect of salinity during the germination process is on germination rate and percentage and radicle and plumule length, as the increased concentration of ions in Therefore, studying of plant germination under salt stress and application of compounds such as salicylic acid to improve plant tolerance to salinity in saline areas can serve as a guideline for the cultivation of plants under such conditions. Therefore, this research aimed to study the effect of salicylic acid on the germination and growth parameters of Securigera securidaca L. under salinity conditions.
Materials and Methods: The experiment was conducted as a factorial in a completely randomized design with three replications under the germinator conditions in the laboratory of Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center. Experimental treatments consisted of 5 levels of salinity stress (0, -0.3, -0.6, -0.9 and -1.2 MPa) and 3 levels of salicylic acid (0, 1 and 2 mM). The seeds were soaked in the treatments for 24h. At the end of the experiment (8 days), germination percentage and rate, seed vigor index, and fresh and dry weight of radicle and plumule were measured and calculated.
Results: The results showed that all plant responses were affected by different osmotic potentials at p<0.01 compared with the control. The highest germination percentage was 91.11 under stress-free conditions and the application of salicylic acid at 1 mM. During the comparison of means for salicylic acid, the highest mean plumule length (10.88 mm) was related to 1 mM salicylic acid solution and the lowest (6.35 mm) was for control treatment, which showed an increase of 71.34%. Also, soaking seeds with salicylic acid caused an 84.98% increase in root fresh weight. An increase in salinity led to 96.30 and 94.62% decrease in radicle and plumule dry weights, respectively.
Conclusions: The study showed that soaking seeds with salicylic acid improved germination under salt stress conditions. Therefore, seed placement in salicylic acid solution (1 Mm) prior to cultivation can be used to improve the germination of Securigera securidaca L. under salinity conditions.

Highlights:
1-­ The most suitable concentration of salicylic acid for seeds soaking to increase plant tolerance to salinity stress is 1 mM.
2-­ Soaking of Securigera securidaca L. seeds in salicylic acid increases germination, seed vigor index and radicle and plumule length and weight under saline and non-saline conditions.
Khadijeh Momeni, Ali Moradi, Sohrab Mahmoudi, Hojatollah Latif Manesh,
Volume 10, Issue 1 ((Spring and Summer) 2023)
Abstract

Extended Abstract
Introduction: Due to the fineness of parsley seeds, several problems may arise, such as the impossibility of using planting machines and the displacement of seeds by water, reduced germination and growth due to increased planting depth or lack of seed establishment in the soil, and consequently, increased seeding rate. Therefore, it is necessary to use methods to increase germination ability and improve the establishment of parsley seeds and seedlings in the soil. This experiment aimed to determine the most effective biopriming and gibberellin treatments for better germination and establishment of parsley seeds.
Materials and Methods: In order to determine the best biopriming and gibberellin priming treatments on germination characteristics and establishment of parsley seed, three experiments with four replications were conducted in the seed science and technology laboratory of Yasouj University in 2015 and 2016. The first biopriming experiment was carried out using growth-stimulating bacteria in a completely randomized design with eight treatments including bacterial isolates Pseudomonas fluorescens strain 21, Bacillus biosobetyl strain, Enterobactercus cloac strain 5, also two and three compounds of these bacteria along with control treatment. The second experiment was carried out with five treatments of Trichoderma harziarum (T36, T39, T42, and T43) isolates with control treatment. Finally, the third experiment was performed as a factorial in a completely randomized design with concentrations of gibberellin hormone (0, 50, 100, and 200 ppm) and prime times (6 and 12 hours). The measured traits were seedling length, seedling dry weight, germination percentage, and seedling length vigor index.
Results: The results showed that the best treatments for the first experiment were biopriming with Enterobacter + pseudomonas, for the second experiment biopriming with T36 fungus strain, and for the third experiment 50 ppm of gibberellin prime for 6 and 12 hours. The results showed that the majority of biopriming and hormone prime treatments improved the quality of parsley seeds so that the germination percentage in control seeds was 70%. This value increased by 31% compared to control treatment following priming with growth-stimulating bacteria (Pseudomonas+ Enterobacter), which showed the highest rate among all treatments applied in this study. The use of 50 ppm of gibberellin priming for 6 and 12 hours increased germination by 19% and 14% compared to the control treatment, respectively.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that biopriming with Pseudomonas + enterobacter had the greatest effect on improving the quality and germination characteristics of parsley seed. In general, biopriming except for T42 fungi, and also gibberellin priming showed improvement in the quality and germination properties of parsley seed.

Highlights:
1. The effects of using biopriming and hormone prime are common, while it is not clear for parsley.
2. Biopriming with Pseudomonas+ enterobacter had the greatest effect on improving the quality and germination characteristics of parsley seeds.
3. Priming with T42 fungus reduced the quality and germination characteristics of parsley seeds.


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