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Showing 3 results for Oskouei
Bita Oskouei, Eslam Majidi-Hervan, Aidin Hamidi, Foad Moradi, Ali Moghaddam,
Volume 2, Issue 2 ((Autumn & Winter) 2016)
Volume 2, Issue 2 ((Autumn & Winter) 2016)
Abstract
This experiment was conducted as a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three replications at two locations: Agricultural and natural resource center of Ardebil province (Moghan) and seed and plant certification and registration institute of Karaj in 2013. The treatments included: planting date in three levels (10-May, 25-May and 9-Jun), seed moisture content at harvest time in four levels (30%, 25, 20 and 15) and seed size in three levels (flat, round and medium). The measured traits were a standard germination test, mean time of germination, seedling weight and length vigor index, germination percent in radical emergence test and germination percent in cold test. The results illustrated that delayed planting caused reduction of seed quality and this reduction was more obvious in delayed harvest (15%), also the reduction rate in round seeds was more than flattered and medium seeds. The minimum percentage of germination and vigor were seen in round seeds of third planting date and moisture harvest by 15%. So it is recommended for corn seed production to sow the seeds before the last week of May and when seed moisture content reached 30 percent, cob harvesting should be started and the harvest not is delayed.
Saman Sheidaei, Aidin Hamidi, Hossein Sadeghi, Bita Oskouei, Leila Zare,
Volume 6, Issue 1 ((Spring and Summer) 2019)
Volume 6, Issue 1 ((Spring and Summer) 2019)
Abstract
Extended Abstract
Introduction: Understanding the complex characteristics that control the life span of the seed has ecological, agricultural and economic importance. Inappropriate storage conditions after harvesting destroy a large part of annual yield partly due to microbial activity in the storage. Damage from storage fungi varies based on the climatic conditions, crops and storage facilities. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of storage conditions and initial seed moisture content on the growth of storage fungi and also the relationship between the degree of contamination with fungi and the quality and biochemical changes of the seeds.
Materials and Methods: The present study was carried out as a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design to assess the impact of storage fungi on soybean seed deterioration at different storage conditions. The treatment included three degrees of initial seed moisture content including low moisture content (10%), medium moisture content (12%) and high moisture content (14%) as the first factor. Moreover, two storage conditions including the seed storage in Moghan and controlled seed storage in Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute were considered as the second factor. Soybean seeds of Williams's cultivar were investigated for the infection of Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium and Penicillium fungi and also related biochemical traits and seed quality such as germination percent, seedling vigor index, soluble sugar and total protein.
Results: The results of this experiment showed that the increase of the seed moisture content by 14% can significantly decrease the seed quality. Therefore, the seed moisture content of 14% was identified as unsuitable moisture for the storage of soybean seeds. In addition, the infection with storage fungi has a direct relationship with the degree of seed moisture and seeds with high moisture content are rapidly attacked by the storage fungi which can decrease seed quality and viability. Moreover, the Aspergillus niger infection increased from 27.5 to 43.75 and the germination percent decreased from 52.5 to 23 percent in seeds with a moisture content of 14% in Moghan storage, as compared with the controlled storage. Furthermore, this study showed that when the percentage of storage fungi increases, the soybean seed deterioration increases. Studying the biochemical changes of deteriorated seeds during the storage showed that as the aging of the seeds increases, soluble sugars and protein percentage decrease. The amounts of soluble sugars and total protein of the seed were significantly lower in seeds maintained under unsuitable conditions. Furthermore, the content of soluble sugars and total protein decreased significantly by the increase of the seed moisture, which resulted in the increase in seed deterioration.
Conclusions: Based on the obtained results, initial seed moisture and storage conditions are two important determinants of fungi infestation during storage, which can affect the content of soluble sugars and total protein causing seed deterioration, seed vigor and viability. It can be concluded that the soybean seed moisture content of 12%, which is the standard moisture content of soybean seed production in Iran, is regarded as suitable moisture for seed storage.
Highlights:
- Introduction of proper storage conditions and initial seed moisture in order to decrease fungal damage and soybean seed deterioration.
- Determination of different fungal damages during the storage of soybean seeds.
- Determination of relationship between the degree of soybean seed infection of storage fungi and the seed’s quality, its amount of protein and soluble sugars.
Mohammad Mohammadi, Reza Tavakol Afshari, Jafar Nabati, Ehsan Oskoueian,
Volume 9, Issue 2 ((Autumn & Winter) 2023)
Volume 9, Issue 2 ((Autumn & Winter) 2023)
Abstract
Extended Abstract
Introduction: One of the major reasons behind the unstable yield of chickpea, is the simultaneity of the reproductive stage with drought and late-season heat. Autumn sowing of chickpea is among the suitable approaches to improve chickpea yield. On the other hand, freezing stress is a limiting factor in the autumn sowing of chickpea. Recently, seed priming has been developed as an essential method to induce plant tolerance to environmental stress. The priming will result in a rapid response of the plant to stress. Freezing, as an environmental stress, limits the growth and development of many plants in different parts of the world. Studies show that in addition to acclimation, short-term biotic and abiotic stresses as pretreatment could also increase the plant's tolerance to cold stress. This process alters the freezing response positively.
Material and Methods: This experiment was conducted as a factorial in a completely randomized design with three replicates at the greenhouse of the Research Center for Plant Sciences of Ferdowsi University, Mashhad Iran, in 2018. The experimental factors consisted of various temperatures (0, -12, -15, and -17 °C), seed priming at 10 levels (control (without priming), hydropriming, priming with sodium chloride, salicylic acid, sodium nitroprusside, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria, amino acids, potassium nitrate, and zinc sulfate) and different chickpea genotypes (MCC505, ILC8617, MCC495, and Saral cultivar). In this experiment, the measured parameters included survival percentage, electrolyte leakage percentage, and lethal temperature resulting in 50% mortality according to the electrolyte leakage and survival percentage.
Results: The results showed that the application of hydropriming, priming with sodium nitroprusside and zinc sulfate had favorable effects on the survival rate and electrolyte leakage. Among these, priming with sodium nitroprusside increased the survival percentage compared to the control (23%) at the -15 and -17 °C in the Saral cultivar, at -15 °C in the ILC8617 genotype, and at -12 and -15 °C in the MCC495 genotype treatment to 68, 58, 85 and 55 percent, respectively. In addition, this treatment reduced the electrolyte leakage by 13% at -15 °C in the ILC8617 genotype compared to the control treatment. Further, the mentioned treatment resulted in a 40% reduction in lethal temperature resulting in 50% mortality according to the survival percentage. In the MCC495 genotype compared to the control treatment.
Conclusion: Overall, the cold stress in the chickpea plants resulted in an increase in electrolyte leakage and a decrease in the survival percentage. Application of sodium nitroprusside priming by improving cold stress tolerance resulted in a reduction of lethal temperature resulting in 50% mortality based on electrolyte leakage and survival percentage results. Additionally, the applied priming in improving the cold stress tolerance mainly improved the survival percentage compared to the improvement in the electrolyte leakage.
Highlights:
Introduction: One of the major reasons behind the unstable yield of chickpea, is the simultaneity of the reproductive stage with drought and late-season heat. Autumn sowing of chickpea is among the suitable approaches to improve chickpea yield. On the other hand, freezing stress is a limiting factor in the autumn sowing of chickpea. Recently, seed priming has been developed as an essential method to induce plant tolerance to environmental stress. The priming will result in a rapid response of the plant to stress. Freezing, as an environmental stress, limits the growth and development of many plants in different parts of the world. Studies show that in addition to acclimation, short-term biotic and abiotic stresses as pretreatment could also increase the plant's tolerance to cold stress. This process alters the freezing response positively.
Material and Methods: This experiment was conducted as a factorial in a completely randomized design with three replicates at the greenhouse of the Research Center for Plant Sciences of Ferdowsi University, Mashhad Iran, in 2018. The experimental factors consisted of various temperatures (0, -12, -15, and -17 °C), seed priming at 10 levels (control (without priming), hydropriming, priming with sodium chloride, salicylic acid, sodium nitroprusside, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria, amino acids, potassium nitrate, and zinc sulfate) and different chickpea genotypes (MCC505, ILC8617, MCC495, and Saral cultivar). In this experiment, the measured parameters included survival percentage, electrolyte leakage percentage, and lethal temperature resulting in 50% mortality according to the electrolyte leakage and survival percentage.
Results: The results showed that the application of hydropriming, priming with sodium nitroprusside and zinc sulfate had favorable effects on the survival rate and electrolyte leakage. Among these, priming with sodium nitroprusside increased the survival percentage compared to the control (23%) at the -15 and -17 °C in the Saral cultivar, at -15 °C in the ILC8617 genotype, and at -12 and -15 °C in the MCC495 genotype treatment to 68, 58, 85 and 55 percent, respectively. In addition, this treatment reduced the electrolyte leakage by 13% at -15 °C in the ILC8617 genotype compared to the control treatment. Further, the mentioned treatment resulted in a 40% reduction in lethal temperature resulting in 50% mortality according to the survival percentage. In the MCC495 genotype compared to the control treatment.
Conclusion: Overall, the cold stress in the chickpea plants resulted in an increase in electrolyte leakage and a decrease in the survival percentage. Application of sodium nitroprusside priming by improving cold stress tolerance resulted in a reduction of lethal temperature resulting in 50% mortality based on electrolyte leakage and survival percentage results. Additionally, the applied priming in improving the cold stress tolerance mainly improved the survival percentage compared to the improvement in the electrolyte leakage.
Highlights:
- The effect of different primings on the freezing tolerance of chickpeas was investigated and determined.
- The freezing tolerance threshold of chickpea seedlings was determined at the laboratory under different primings.
- The respondents of genotypes to priming and the behavior of genotypes towards each other were investigated.
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Seed Science and Technology, Seed Physiology, Seed Ecology, Modeling, Seed Health, Germination Characteristics, Seed Dormancy, Seed Ageing, Seed Storage, Seed PrimingVote
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