Volume 9, Issue 2 ((Autumn & Winter) 2023)
Iranian J. Seed Res. 2023, 9(2): 63-76 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Gholami H, Abdolshahi R, Mohayeji M, Esmaeilizadeh-Moghadam M. (2023). Investigation of coleoptile and mesocotyl as the most important factors for the establishment of bread wheat seed under rain-fed conditions. Iranian J. Seed Res.. 9(2), : 5 doi:10.61186/yujs.9.2.63
URL: http://yujs.yu.ac.ir/jisr/article-1-544-en.html
URL: http://yujs.yu.ac.ir/jisr/article-1-544-en.html
Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman , abdoshahi@uk.ac.ir
Abstract: (1464 Views)
Extended Abstract
Introduction: Wheat coleoptile protects the plumule and the first leaf so they can move from the embryo to the soil surface. Coleoptile is essential for plant establishment. Cultivars with longer coleoptiles and mesocotyls are sown deeper and are more successful under drought stress conditions. However, there is not much information about their genetics. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the coleoptile and mesocotyl of Iranian, overseas and the lines developed as a part of Shahid Bahonar University breeding program, and estimate of genetic parameters of these traits.
Materials and Methods: In this research, 30 bread wheat genotypes originated from Iran, CIMMYT, ICARDA, USA, and Australia and five lines from Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman breeding programs were sown at a 10 cm depth of soil in the research field of Shahid Bahonar University in a randomized complete block design with seven replications. Each plot consisted of three rows with two meters long and a 5 cm intra-row spacing. At harvest, the plants were gently removed from the soil, and after removing the soil from the root area, the roots were washed. In this study, coleoptile and mesocotyl length, number of seminal roots, root length, root and shoot dry weight were measured.
Results: Coleoptile and mesocotyl are important traits for increasing drought tolerance in bread wheat. In the present research, mesocotyl length varied from 5.20 for Excalibur to 2.08 for Zagros, and showed a high heritability (0.48) and response to selection (11.61%). Furthermore, this trait had a positive significant correlation with coleoptile length (r=0.53**), root weight (r=0.38*) and shoot weight (r=0.36*). Seminal and nodal root number had the highest (0.59), while root length had the lowest (0.13) narrow-sense heritability. Overall, suitable cultivars for rain-fed conditions had higher coleoptile and mesocotyl than the others. Breeding lines in Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman suitable for rain-fed conditions had longer coleoptile and mesocotyl lengths. Root and shoot dry weight had a significant positive correlation (r=0.82**).
Conclusions: In general, breeding programs to increase grain yield differ under rain-fed and irrigated conditions. In wheat breeding programs under rain-fed conditions, special attention should be paid to coleoptile and mesocotyl traits. These traits were not influenced by the plant growth habit.
Highlights:
Introduction: Wheat coleoptile protects the plumule and the first leaf so they can move from the embryo to the soil surface. Coleoptile is essential for plant establishment. Cultivars with longer coleoptiles and mesocotyls are sown deeper and are more successful under drought stress conditions. However, there is not much information about their genetics. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the coleoptile and mesocotyl of Iranian, overseas and the lines developed as a part of Shahid Bahonar University breeding program, and estimate of genetic parameters of these traits.
Materials and Methods: In this research, 30 bread wheat genotypes originated from Iran, CIMMYT, ICARDA, USA, and Australia and five lines from Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman breeding programs were sown at a 10 cm depth of soil in the research field of Shahid Bahonar University in a randomized complete block design with seven replications. Each plot consisted of three rows with two meters long and a 5 cm intra-row spacing. At harvest, the plants were gently removed from the soil, and after removing the soil from the root area, the roots were washed. In this study, coleoptile and mesocotyl length, number of seminal roots, root length, root and shoot dry weight were measured.
Results: Coleoptile and mesocotyl are important traits for increasing drought tolerance in bread wheat. In the present research, mesocotyl length varied from 5.20 for Excalibur to 2.08 for Zagros, and showed a high heritability (0.48) and response to selection (11.61%). Furthermore, this trait had a positive significant correlation with coleoptile length (r=0.53**), root weight (r=0.38*) and shoot weight (r=0.36*). Seminal and nodal root number had the highest (0.59), while root length had the lowest (0.13) narrow-sense heritability. Overall, suitable cultivars for rain-fed conditions had higher coleoptile and mesocotyl than the others. Breeding lines in Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman suitable for rain-fed conditions had longer coleoptile and mesocotyl lengths. Root and shoot dry weight had a significant positive correlation (r=0.82**).
Conclusions: In general, breeding programs to increase grain yield differ under rain-fed and irrigated conditions. In wheat breeding programs under rain-fed conditions, special attention should be paid to coleoptile and mesocotyl traits. These traits were not influenced by the plant growth habit.
Highlights:
- Mesocotyl of the Iranian cultivars was evaluated for the first time.
- Breeding lines developed by Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman suitable for rain-fed had appropriate coleoptiles and mesocotyls.
- Coleoptile and mesocotyl had a significant and positive correlation.
Article number: 5
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Seed Ecology
Received: 2021/11/6 | Revised: 2024/02/21 | Accepted: 2022/05/9 | ePublished: 2023/06/14
Received: 2021/11/6 | Revised: 2024/02/21 | Accepted: 2022/05/9 | ePublished: 2023/06/14
References
1. Abdolshahi, R., Safarian, A., Nazari, M., Pourseyedi, S., and Mohamadi-Nejad, G. 2012. Screening drought-tolerant genotypes in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using different multivariate methods. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 59(5), 685-704. [DOI:10.1080/03650340.2012.667080]
2. Abdolshahi, R., Salarpour, M., Sadat-Hosseini, T. and Amiri, H. 2013. Effect of root system and water use efficiency on grain yield and drought tolerance of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science, 44(3): 455-465. [In Persian with English Summary].
3. Botwright, T.L., Rebetzke, G.J., Condon, A.G. and Richards, R.A. 2005. Influence of the gibberellin-sensitive Rht8 dwarfing gene on leaf epidermal cell dimensions and early vigour in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Annals of Botany, 95: 631-639. [DOI:10.1093/aob/mci069] [PMID] [PMCID]
4. Chen, J., Griffey, C.A., Liu, S., Maroof, M.A.S., Murphy, J.P., Navarro, R.A., Sneller, C.H., Brown-Guedira, G.L. and Souza, E.J. 2012. Registration of fusarium head blight-resistant soft red winter wheat Germplasm VA04W-433 and VA04W-474. Journal of Plant Registrations, 6(1): 111-116. [DOI:10.3198/jpr2011.07.0397crg]
5. Dixon, J., Braun, H.J. and Crouch, J. 2009. Overview: transitioning wheat research to serve the future needs of the developing world. In 'Wheat Facts and Future'. 1th (ed.). CIMMYT, Mexico.
6. Ellis, M.H., Rebetzke, G.J., Chandler, P. Bonnett, D., Spielmeyer, W. and Richards, R.A. 2004. The effect of different height reducing genes on the early growth of wheat. Functional Plant Biology, 31: 583-589. [DOI:10.1071/FP03207] [PMID]
7. Falconer, D.S. and Mackay, T.F.C. 1996. Introduction to quantitative genetics. 4th (ed.). Longman, London.
8. Kirkegaard, J.A. and Lilley, J.M. 2007. Root penetration rate benchmark to identify soil and plant limitations to rooting depth in wheat. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 47: 590-602. [DOI:10.1071/EA06071]
9. Li, G., Bai, G., Carver, B.F., Elliott, N.C., Bennett, R.S., Wu, Y., Hunger, R., Bonman, J.M. and Xu, X. 2017. Genome-wide association study reveals genetic architecture of coleoptile length in wheat. Theoretical and Applied Genetic, 130: 391-401. [DOI:10.1007/s00122-016-2820-1] [PMID]
10. Liu, H., Zhang, L., Wang, J., Li, C., Zeng, X., Xie, S., Zhang, Y., Liu, S., Hu, S., Wang, J., Lee, M., Lübberstedt, T. and Zhao, G. 2017. Quantitative trait locus analysis for deep sowing germination ability in the maize IBM Syn10 DH population. Frontiers in Plant Science, 8: 1-12. [DOI:10.3389/fpls.2017.00813] [PMID] [PMCID]
11. Mahdavi-Safa, D., Moghaddam, M., Kazemi, H. and Shakiba, M.R. 1989. Biometric analysis of some traits related to drought and cold resistance in autumn wheat by diallel method. Agricultural Knowledge Journal, 1(4): 26-48. [In Persian with English Summary].
12. Maydup, M.L., Antonietta, M. Guiamet, J.J. and Tambussi E.A. 2012. The contribution of green parts of the ear to grain filling in old and modern cultivars of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.): Evidence for genetic gains over the past century. Field Crops Research, 134: 208-215. [DOI:10.1016/j.fcr.2012.06.008]
13. Ohno, H., Banayo, N.P.M.C., Bueno, C.S., Kashiwagi, J., Nakashima, T., Corales, A.M., Garcia, R., Sandhu, N., Kumar, A. and Kato, Y. 2018. Longer mesocotyl contributes to quick seedling establishment, improved root anchorage, and early vigor of deep-sown rice. Field Crops Research, 228: 84-92. [DOI:10.1016/j.fcr.2018.08.015]
14. Rebetzke, G., Bonnett, D.G. and Ellis, M.H. 2012. Combining gibberellic acid-sensitive and insensitive dwarfing genes in breeding of higher-yielding, sesqui-dwarf wheats. Field Crops Research, 127: 17-25. [DOI:10.1016/j.fcr.2011.11.003]
15. Rebetzke, G.J., Richards, R.A., Sirault, X.R.R. and Morrison, A.D. 2004. Genetic analysis of coleoptile length and diameter in wheat. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 55: 733-743. [DOI:10.1071/AR04037]
16. Rebetzke, G.J., Verbyla, A.P., Verbyla, K.L., Morell, M.K. and Cavanagh, C.R. 2014. Use of a large multiparent wheat mapping population in genomic dissection of coleoptile and seedling growth. Plant Biotechnology Journal, 12: 219-230. [DOI:10.1111/pbi.12130] [PMID]
17. Rich, S.M., Wasson, A.P., Richards, R.A., Katore, T., Prashar, R., Chowdhary, R., Saxena, D.C., Mamrutha, H.M., Zwart, A., Misra, S.C., Prasad, S.V.S., Chatrath, R., Christopher. J. and Watt, M. 2016. Wheats developed for high yield on stored soil moisture have deep vigorous root systems. Functional Plant Biology, 43(2): 173-188. [DOI:10.1071/FP15182] [PMID]
18. SAS Institute Inc. 2004. Base SAS 9.1 procedures guide. Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc.
19. Streda, T., Dostal, V., Horakova, V. and Chloupek, O. 2012. Effective use of water by wheat varieties with different root system size in rain-fed experiments in Central Europe. Agriculture Water Management, 104: 203-209. [DOI:10.1016/j.agwat.2011.12.018]
20. Takano, M., Kanegae, H., Shinomura, T., Miyao, A., Hirochika, H. and Furuya, M. 2001. Isolation and characterization of rice phytochrome A mutants. Plant Cell 13: 521-534. [DOI:10.1105/tpc.13.3.521] [PMID] [PMCID]
21. Waines, J. and Ehdaie, B. 2007. Domestication and crop physiology: Roots of green revolution heat. Annals of Botany, 100: 991-998. [DOI:10.1093/aob/mcm180] [PMID] [PMCID]
22. Wasson, A.P., Richards, R.A., Chatrath, R., Misra, S.C., Prasad, S.V.S., Rebetzke, G.J., Kirkegaard, J.A., Christopher, J. and Watt, M. 2012. Traits and selection strategies to improve root systems and water uptake in water-limited wheat crops. Journal of Experimental Botany, 63: 3485-3498. [DOI:10.1093/jxb/ers111] [PMID]
23. Xiong, Q., Ma, B., Lu, X., Huang, Y.H., He, S.J., Yang, C., Yin, C.C., Zhao, H., Zhou, Y., Zhang, W-K., Wang, W-S., Li, Z.K., Chen, S.Y. and Zhang, J.S. 2017. Ethylene-inhibited jasmonic acid biosynthesis promotes mesocotyl/coleoptile elongation of etiolated rice seedlings. Plant Cell, 29: 1053-1072. [DOI:10.1105/tpc.16.00981] [PMID] [PMCID]
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
