Volume 6, Issue 2 ((Autumn & Winter) 2020)
Iranian J. Seed Res. 2020, 6(2): 31-43 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Maleki K, Soltani E, Alahdadi I, Ghorbani Javid M. (2020). Evaluation of Primary Conditional Dormancy in Seeds of Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus) Produced in Golestan and Mazandaran Provinces. Iranian J. Seed Res.. 6(2), : 3 doi:10.29252/yujs.6.2.31
URL: http://yujs.yu.ac.ir/jisr/article-1-405-en.html
URL: http://yujs.yu.ac.ir/jisr/article-1-405-en.html
, elias.soltani@ut.ac.ir
Abstract: (10247 Views)
Extended abstract
Introduction: Conditional dormancy (CD) is a dynamic state between dormancy (D) and nondormancy (ND). Seeds at the conditional dormancy stage germinate over a narrower range of temporal conditions. Conditional dormancy is usually observed in seeds with physiological dormancy. However, primary conditional dormancy has also been seen in some freshly harvested seeds. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether freshly harvested oilseeds have non-dormancy or conditional dormancy.
Materials and Methods: A factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design with four replications at Seed Technology Laboratory of Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Iran, in 2018. In this experiment, seeds of rapeseed were collected from 20 different locations in Golestan and Mazandaran provinces. Following that, a germination test was carried out at different temperatures (5, 15, 20, 30, 35°C), and the germination percentage and seed germination rate were recorded. In order to break seed dormancy, two treatments were used: gibberellic acid and after-ripening. For after-ripening treatment, seeds were stored in a paper bag in a dry and dark environment for 6 months. For gibberellic acid treatment, a solution of 100 parts per million (PPM) of gibberellic acid was prepared and added to the Petri dishes. Subsequently, the percentage and rate of germination were recorded.
Results: The results showed that freshly harvested seeds had primary conditional dormancy and germinated in a narrow range of temporal conditions. In addition, cardinal temperatures for freshly harvested seeds were 4.45 and 27.8 for bases and ceilings, respectively. Following gibberellic acid and after-ripening treatments, seeds germinated in a wider range of temperatures and base and ceiling temperatures reached 1.74 and about 40°C, respectively. Thus, germination percentage of seeds treated with gibberellic acid and after-ripening increased at both high and low temperatures. However, the increase in germination percentage was higher at high temperatures than low temperatures. In addition, the effect of gibberellic acid treatment was more than that of after-ripening treatment on the release of dormancy, and after-ripening treatment had an intermediate effect between the gibberellic acid and freshly harvested seeds.
Conclusion: Based on the results of this experiment, the application of gibberellic acid and after-ripening treatments resulted in breaking the dormancy of freshly harvested seeds and increased germination temperature range at high and low temperatures. Of the two treatments, gibberellic acid had the greatest effect on breaking dormancy and increasing temperature range. Among the cultivars, these changes were maximum in the germination capacity of Hyola 50 and Trapar cultivars and Trapar cultivar had minimum changes.
Highlights:
1-Conditional dormancy of oilseed cultivars was investigated under different environmental conditions.
2-Application of gibberellic acid and after-ripening treatments resulted in breaking primary conditional dormancy in oilseed cultivars.
Article number: 3
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Seed Ecology
Received: 2019/02/25 | Revised: 2021/03/13 | Accepted: 2019/06/2 | ePublished: 2020/05/2
Received: 2019/02/25 | Revised: 2021/03/13 | Accepted: 2019/06/2 | ePublished: 2020/05/2
References
1. Baskin, C.C. and Baskin, J.M. 1998. Ecology, biogeography, and evolution of dormancy and germination-introduction. Seeds, 1-3. Elsevier/Academic Press, San Diego, CA, USA.
2. Baskin, J.M. and Baskin, C.C. 1985. The annual dormancy cycle in buried weed seeds: a continuum. BioScience, 35(8): 492-498. [DOI:10.2307/1309817]
3. Baskin, J.M. and Baskin, C.C. 2004. A classification system for seed dormancy. Seed Science Research. 14(1): 1-16. [DOI:10.1079/SSR2003150]
4. Baskin, C.C. and Baskin, J.M. 2014. Seeds: ecology, biogeography, and evolution of dormancy and germination - Second edition. Elsevier/Academic Press, San Diego.
5. Batlla, D. and Arnold, R.L.B. 2005. Changes in the light sensitivity of buried Polygonum aviculare seeds in relation to cold-induced dormancy loss: development of a predictive model. New Phytologist, 165(2): 445-452. [DOI:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01262.x] [PMID]
6. Bernareggi, G., Carbognani, M., Mondoni, A. and Petraglia, A. 2016. Seed dormancy and germination changes of snowbed species under climate warming: the role of pre-and post-dispersal temperatures. Annals of Botany, 118(3): 529-539. [DOI:10.1093/aob/mcw125] [PMID] [PMCID]
7. Bewley, J.D., Bradford, K.J., Hilhorst, H.W. and Nonogaki, H. 2013. Environmental regulation of dormancy and germination. In Seeds (pp. 299-339). Springer, New York, NY. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-4693-4_6 [DOI:10.1007/978-1-4614-4693-4_6]
8. Cao, D., Baskin, C.C., Baskin, J.M., Yang, F. and Huang, Z. 2013. Dormancy cycling and persistence of seeds in soil of a cold desert halophyte shrub. Annals of Botany, 113(1): 171-179. [DOI:10.1093/aob/mct256] [PMID] [PMCID]
9. Copete, M.A., Herranz, J.M. and Ferrandis, P. 2005. Seed dormancy and germination in threatened Iberian Coincya (Brassicaceae) taxa. Ecoscience, 12(2): 257-266. [DOI:10.2980/i1195-6860-12-2-257.1]
10. Duddu, H.S. and Shirtliffe, S.J. 2014. Variation of seed dormancy and germination ecology of cowcockle (Vaccaria hispanica). Weed Science, 62(3): 483-492. [DOI:10.1614/WS-D-13-00125.1]
11. Del Monte, J. P., & Tarquis, A. M. (1997). The role of temperature in the seed germination of two species of the Solanum nigrum complex. Journal of Experimental Botany, 48(12), 2087-2093. [DOI:10.1093/jxb/48.12.2087]
12. Finch‐Savage, W.E. and Leubner‐Metzger, G. 2006. Seed dormancy and the control of germination. New Phytologist, 171(3): 501-523. [DOI:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01787.x] [PMID]
13. Gruber, S., Pekrun, C. and Claupein, W. 2004. Seed persistence of oilseed rape (Brassica napus): variation in transgenic and conventionally bred cultivars. The Journal of Agricultural Science, 142(1): 29-40. [DOI:10.1017/S0021859604003892]
14. Haile, T. A. and Shirtliffe, S.J. 2014. Effect of harvest timing on dormancy induction in canola seeds. Weed Science, 62(3): 548-554. [DOI:10.1614/WS-D-13-00178.1]
15. Huang, S., Gruber, S., Stockmann, F. and Claupein, W. 2016. Dynamics of dormancy during seed development of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Seed Science Research, 26(3): 245-253. [DOI:10.1017/S0960258516000118]
16. Jones, S. K., Ellis, R. H., & Gosling, P. G. (1997). Loss and induction of conditional dormancy in seeds of Sitka spruce maintained moist at different temperatures. Seed Science Research, 7(4), 351-358. [DOI:10.1017/S0960258500003755]
17. Mennan, H. and Zandstra, B.H. 2006. The effects of depth and duration of seed burial on viability, dormancy, germination, and emergence of ivyleaf speedwell (Veronica hederifolia). Weed Technology, 20(2): 438-444. [DOI:10.1614/WT-05-090R.1]
18. Piper, E.L. Boote, K.J. Jones, J.W. and Grimm, S.S. 1996. Comparison of two phenology models for predicting flowering and maturity date of soybean. Crop Science, 36(6): 1606-1614. doi:10.2135/cropsci1996.0011183X003600060033x [DOI:10.2135/cropsci1996.0011183X003600060033x]
19. Ritchie, J.T. and Nesmith, D.S. 1991. Temperature and crop development. Modeling Plant and Soil Systems, (Agronomy Monograph), 31: 5-29. [DOI:10.2134/agronmonogr31.c2]
20. Soltani, A., Robertson, M.J., Torabi, B., Yousefi-Daz, M. and Sarparast, R. 2006. Modelling seedling emergence in chickpea as influenced by temperature and sowing depth. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 138(1-4): 156-167. [DOI:10.1016/j.agrformet.2006.04.004]
21. Soltani, E., Baskin, C.C. and Baskin, J.M. 2017. A graphical method for identifying the six types of non‐deep physiological dormancy in seeds. Plant Biology, 19(5): 673-682. [DOI:10.1111/plb.12590] [PMID]
22. Soltani, E., Baskin, J. M. and Baskin, C.C. 2019. A review of the relationship between primary and secondary dormancy, with reference to the volunteer crop weed oilseed rape (Brassica napus). Weed Research, 59(1): 5-14. [DOI:10.1111/wre.12342]
23. Soltani, E., Gruber, S., Oveisi, M., Salehi, N., Alahdadi, I. and Javid, M.G. 2017. Water stress, temperature regimes and light control induction, and loss of secondary dormancy in Brassica napus L. seeds. Seed Science Research, 27(3): 217-230. [DOI:10.1017/S0960258517000186]
24. Steadman, K.J. and Pritchard, H.W. 2004. Germination of Aesculus hippocastanum seeds following cold‐induced dormancy loss can be described in relation to a temperature‐dependent reduction in base temperature (Tb) and thermal time. New Phytologist, 161(2): 415-425. [DOI:10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00940.x]
25. Taab, A. and Andersson, L. 2009. Seed dormancy dynamics and germination characteristics of Solanum nigrum. Weed Research, 49(5): 490-498. [DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3180.2009.00724.x]
26. Vegis, A. 1964. Dormancy in higher plants. Annual Review of Plant Physiology, 15(1): 185-224. [DOI:10.1146/annurev.pp.15.060164.001153]
27. Vleeshouwers, L.M., Bouwmeester, H.J. and Karssen, C.M. 1995. Redefining seed dormancy: an attempt to integrate physiology and ecology. Journal of Ecology, 1031-1037. DOI: 10.2307/2261184. [DOI:10.2307/2261184]
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
