Volume 6, Issue 1 ((Spring and Summer) 2019)
Iranian J. Seed Res. 2019, 6(1): 1-17 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Nejadgharebaghi H, Fateh E, Aynehband A. (2019). Investigation of the Effect of Salinity and Drought Stress on Germination Characteristics of Strangle Wort (Cynanchum acutum) Seeds. Iranian J. Seed Res.. 6(1), : 1 doi:10.29252/yujs.6.1.1
URL: http://yujs.yu.ac.ir/jisr/article-1-368-en.html
URL: http://yujs.yu.ac.ir/jisr/article-1-368-en.html
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz , e.fateh@scu.ac.ir
Abstract: (9480 Views)
Extended Abstract
Introduction: Strangle wort (Cynanchum acutum) is a perennial weed that could be propagated by seeds and vegetative organs. This brings about harvesting problems for some crops such as cotton, sugar beet, wheat and maize. In recent years, this weed has caused huge losses in sugar cane fields. The role of environmental conditions in weed management is highly important. Given this, the present study seeks to investigate the effects of environmental conditions (salinity and drought stress) on germination characteristics of strangle wort weed.
Materials and Methods: In order to investe the effect of different salinity and drought levels on strangle wort (Cynanchum acutum), two seperate experiments were conducted at Hakim Farabi Khuzestan Sugar Cane Research Institute in 2014-2015. The experimental design was completely randomized, with four replications. The treatments were different salinity levels at 8 levels (0, 2.5, 4.5, 6.5, 8.5, 12.5, 16.5 and 20.5ds/m) and the second experiment involved different drought stresses (osmotic potential) at 7 levels (0, -1, -3, -6, -9, -12 and -15 bar).
Results: The results of salinity stress experiment showed that with increases in salinity levels from 0 to 20.5 ds/m, germination, radicle length, plumule length and seedling weight decreased by 61, 80, 91 and 99%, respectively. The results of drought stress experiment showed that with increases in salinity levels from 0 to -15 bar, all studied traits, i.e., germination, radicle length, plumule length and seedling weight all decreased by 100%.
The analysis of variance results showed that in all the traits, there were significant differences between salinity and drought stress in 1% probability level. In this research, in the salinity experiment, in most of traits, especially radicle length quickly decreased after 8.5 ds/m salinity to higher levels and in drought stress experiment, after -3 bar to higher levels.
Conclusion: On the whole, it seems that sufficient information about this weed is vital for the adoption of the best control method, and gaining insights into how strangle wort responds to environmental stress, especially salinity stress, could help us to come up with new control approaches for this invasive weed. This can present a proper ecological approach that could be adopted in sustainable agriculture programs, which is environmentally sound as it decreases the use of chemical inputs. In addition, in order to lower the tolerance of this weed to salinity and especially drought stress, it is suggested that it be used for weed management programs. According to the results of this study, soil salinity higher than 8.5 ds/m and drought tension above than -3 bar can cause sizeable reduction in most traits (growth parameters) especially in root length. In most of the traits scrutinized, the tolerance of the weed to salinity and drought stress was 12.5 ds/m and -6 bar, respectively.
Highlights:
- Evaluation of germination characteristics of strangles wort under salinity and drought stress conditions.
- Determination of tolerance threshold of strangles wort germination seed to salinity and drought stress.
Article number: 1
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Seed Ecology
Received: 2018/08/10 | Revised: 2021/03/13 | Accepted: 2019/02/15 | ePublished: 2019/09/29
Received: 2018/08/10 | Revised: 2021/03/13 | Accepted: 2019/02/15 | ePublished: 2019/09/29
References
1. Abdul-Baki, A.A., and Anderson, J.D. 1973. Vigor determination in soybean by multiple criteria. Crop Science, 10: 31-34.
2. Abin, A., and Eslami, S.V. 2009. Influence of maternal environment on salinity and drought tolerance of annual sowthistle (Sonchus oleraceus L.) at germination and emergence stage. Weed Research, 1(2): 1-12 [In Persian with English Summary].
3. Ahmadvand, G., Dehghan Banadaki, M., Alimoradi, J., Goudarzi, S. and Ardalani, S. 2018. Reaction of germination and seedling growth of redroot Pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus) to salinity and drought stress. Iranian Journal of Seed Research, 4(2): 23-35 [In Persian with English Summary]. [DOI:10.29252/yujs.4.2.23]
4. Aleebrahim, M., Sharifi, K., and Darwishi, M. 2013. Investigation of the salinity stress on germination index of Syrian mesquite (Prosopis fracta) seeds. 5th Iranian National Weed Congress, Karaj. [In Persian with English Summary].
5. Aleebrahim, M.T., Rashed mohassel, M. H., Mighani, F., and Pahlawani, M. 2013. Investigation the effect of desiccation and freezing on vegetative propagation of Acroptylon repense. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 5(2): 201-209 [In Persian with English Summary].
6. Alizadeh, A. 2008. Plant Water Relations. Javid Publications. P. 17 [In Persian].
7. Amoozadekhalili, Z., Nejadgharebaghi, H., Mohammaditoodashki, M., and Mamadi, A. 2014. Investigation the response of of swallow wort (Cynanchum acutum) germination to salinity and drought stress. 13th National Congress of Agronomy and Plant Breeding [In Persian with English Summary].
8. Avesta, SH. 2010. Soil chemistry with ecological attitude. Taborg University Press. Second edition. P. 406.
9. Boyd, N., and Van Acker, R. 2004. Seed germination of common weed species as affected by oxygen concentration, light, and osmotic potential. Weed Science, 52: 589-596. [DOI:10.1614/WS-03-15R2]
10. Deylam, A. 2015. Effects of salt and water stress on some quality and quantity characteristics of three Atriplex species Ministry of Science, Research and Technology Master Thesis of Weed Science. Birjand University, GonbadKavous, Iran [In Persian with English Summary].
11. Ebrahimi, A., Mohammad Esmaeili, M., Sabouri, H. and Tahmasebi, A. 2013. Effects of salinity and drought stress on germination two spices of (Agropyron elongatum, Agropyron desertrum). Desert Ecosystem Engineering Journal, 1(1): 31-38. [In Persian with English Summary].
12. Fahad, S., and Bano, A. 2012. Effect of salicylic acid on physiological and biochemical characterization of maize grown in saline area. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 44(4):1433-1438.
13. Fouladi, S., Golandi, M., Ghorbani, R, and Kafi, M. 2016. Effect of different levels of drought, salinity and freezing on the germination traits of different seeds of Turnip weed (Rapistrum rugosum L.). Journal of Science Research, 8(1): 41-57 [In Persian with English Summary].
14. Ganjali, A.R., Ajorlo, M., and Khaksafid, A. 2016. The effect of drought and salinity stress on seed germination of (Alyssum homalocarpum). Agronomic Reproduction Research Journal, 21(9): 139-146 [In Persian with English Summary].
15. Ghorbani, A., Teimoorzadeh, A., Kavianpoor, A.M., Mohammaddoost Chamanabad, H.R., Sharifinia, Gh. G., Azimimotem, F., and Badrzadeh, M. 2015. Introducing the flore, biotic shape and geographical distribution of Invasive species in Ardabil Plain. Research in Agro Ecosystem, 2(1): 1-15 [In Persian with English Summary].
16. Golbashy, M. and Zarabi, M. 2009. A study of salinity and drought stress on germination and early growth in hisun variety of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). In Abstract Book the National Conference on Consumption Pattern Reforms in Agricultural and Natural Resources. 25-26 [In Persian with English Summary].
17. Golzardi, F., Vazan, S., Moosavinia, H., and Tohidloo, G. 2012. Effects of salt and drought stresses on germination and seedling growth of swallow wort (Cynanchum acutum L.). Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology, 4(21): 4524-4529.
18. Halima, N.B., Ben Saad, R., Ben Slima, A., Khemakhem, B., Fendri, I., and Abdelkafi, S. 2014. Effect of salt stress on stress-associated genes and growth of Avena sativa L. ISESCO Journal of Science and Technology, 10: 73-80.
19. Hamidawi, H. 2014. Investigation the effect of environmental factors on germination and emergence of cogon grass (Imperata cylindrica L.) Master Thesis of Weed Science. Birjand University, Birjand. Iran. [In Persian with English Summary].
20. Hosseini, M., Mojtaba, M., and Time, Gh.R. 2016. Investigating different levels of salinity and drought stress on germination and early growth of Hordeum spontaneum Koch. and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Journal of Environmental Stress in Crop Sciences, 10(3): 415-423 [In Persian with English Summary].
21. Jamil, M., Lee, D.B., Jung, K.Y., Ashrafh, M., Lee, S.C., and Rha, E.S. 2006. Effect of salt (NaCl) stress on germination and early seedling growth four vegetables species. Journal of Central European Agriculture, 7(2): 273-281.
22. Kafi, M.C. 2014. Physiology of environmental stresses in plants. Third edition. Agriculture. Saveh Azad University, Iran. 502p. [In Persian].
23. Kotowski, F. 1926. Temperature relation to germination of vegetable seeds. Proceedings of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 23: 176-184.
24. Lotfifar, A., Allah Dadi, A., Zand, A., Akbari, GH., and Motaghi, S. 2015. Determination of salinity and drought stress caused by sodium chloride and polyethylene glycol on germination and seedling growth of wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis). Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, 4(1): 108-97 [In Persian with English Summary].
25. Madandoost, M., Bordbar, M., and Dezham, M. 2011. Investigation the growth characteristics and seeds vigor of (Echinochloa cruss-galli) under drought and salinity stress and different burial depth. Master Thesis of Weed Science. Iranian National Symposium on New Approach in Agriculture. Saveh Azad University, Iran. ]In Persian].
26. Majidi Ghatar, S. 2016. The Effects of salinity and drought stresses on seed germination and seedling growth of some rangeland species species Ministry of Science, Research and Technology Master Thesis of Weed Science. Birjand University, GonbadKavous, Iran [In Persian with English Summary].
27. Mehdikhani, H., Izadi-Darbandi, E., Rastgoo, M., and Kafi, M. 2014. Effect of salinity stress on germination characteristics and initial seedling growth of some weeds species. 13th National Congress of Agronomy and Plant Breeding [In Persian with English Summary].
28. Michel, B.E. and Kaufmann, M.R. 1973. The osmotic potential of polyethylene glycol 6000, Plant Physiology, 51(5): 914-916. [DOI:10.1104/pp.51.5.914] [PMID] [PMCID]
29. Mighani, F., Ghaffari, R. and Salimi, H. 2014. Germination seed ecophysiology of Syrian mesquite (Prosopis fracta L.). New Approach in Bioscience, 1(1):23-33 [In Persian with English Summary]. [DOI:10.29252/nbr.1.1.23]
30. Mojab, M., and Zamani, GH.R. 2010. Investigation the effect of salinity and drought stress based on Poly ethylene glycol (PEG6000) and different Nacl concentration on germination and growth characteristics of Cradaria draba seedlings. Plant Protection, 24(2):151-158 [In Persian with English Summary].
31. Mostafavi, K., and Golzardi, F. 2011. The effect of salt and drought stresses on seed germination and early growth of Bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.). Journal of Weed Ecology, 1(2): 91-102 [In Persian with English Summary].
32. Mozaffarian, V.A. 2011. Flora Ilam Province. Contemporary Culture Publishing House. P.76. [In Persian].
33. Nabati, J., Kafi, M., Nezami, A., Rezvani Moghaddam, P., Masomi, A., and Zare Mehrjerdi, M. 2011. Effect of salinity on biomass production and activities of some key enzymatic antioxidants in kochia (Kochia scoparia). Pakistan Journal of Botany, 43(1): 539-548.
34. Najari, S., Sepehri, A., Sidi, M., and Zahedi N.M. 2011. Study of the effect of osmopriming sodium carbonate on different alfalfa cultivars under salt stress. The First National Conference on Modern Issues in Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Saveh Branch. [In Persian with English Summary].
35. Oliveria, M.J., and Norsworthy, J.K. 2006. Pitted morningglory (Ipomoea lalacunosa) germination and emergence as affected by environmental factors and seeding depth. Weed Science, 54: 910-916. [DOI:10.1614/WS-06-068R.1.1]
36. Paryan, H. 2009. Investigatio of botanical and morphological characteristics of swallow wort (Cynanchum acutum) in DebaleKhazaii Farms. Debale Khazaii Press. 20-26 [In Persian].
37. Saeedipour S., Moradi, F., Nabipur, M., and Rahimifard, M. 2006. Salinity effect induced by NaCl on ABA and IAA concentrations and distributions in seedlings of two rice (Oryza sativa L. ) genotypes. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences, 8(3): 215-231 [In Persian with English Summary].
38. Salehi, R., Wazan, S., Mehrazar, Sh., and Golzardi, F. 2014. Effect of salinity on germination and seedling growth of two weedy Amaranthus retroflexus larvae, 13th Iranian Conference on Plant Breeding and Third Conference on Seed Science and Technology, Iranian Association of Agronomy and Plant Breeding [In Persian with English Summary].
39. Sathiyamoorty, P., and Nukamura, S. 1995. Effect of gibberlic acid and inorganic salts on breaking dormancy and enhancing germination of true potato seed. Seed Research, 23: 5-7.
40. Scott, S.J., Jones, R.A., and Williams, W.A. 1984. Review of data analysis methods for seed germination. Crop Science, 24: 1192-1199. [DOI:10.2135/cropsci1984.0011183X002400060043x]
41. Sekmen, A.H., Turkan, I., Tanyolac, Z.O., Ozfidan, C., and Dinc, A. 2012. Different antioxidant defense responses to salt stress during germination and vegetative stages of endemic halophyte Gypsophila oblanceolata Bark. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 77: 63-76. [DOI:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2011.10.012]
42. Shamili, M., Chalalang, B., Mehrshad, F., and Tahmasebi, Z. 2014. Reducing the effects of salinity stress on morphophysiological characteristics of cane sugar (Saccharum officinarum L.) through the application of salicylic acid, 13th Iranian Crop Sciences Congress & 3rd Iranian Seed Science and Technology Conference, Karaj, Iran [In Persian].
43. Takele, A. 2000. Seedling emergence and of growth of sorghum genotypes under variable soil moisture deficit. Acta Agronomica Hungarica, 48: 95-102. [DOI:10.1556/AAgr.48.2000.1.10]
44. Tmertash, R., Shukrian, F., and Labor, M. 2009. Effect of salinity and drought stress on germination characteristics of clover seed. Scientific Journal of Rangeland, 4: 297-288 [In Persian with English Summary].
45. Yazdani bioki, B.R., Rezvani, M.P., Khazaee, H., Ghorbani, R., and Astaraie, A. 2010. Effects of salinity and drought stress on the characteristics of germination of Silybum marianum seed. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Research, 8(1): 12-19 [In Persian with English Summary].
46. Zalnezhad, F. 2016. Investigation of ecophysiology of seed germination of (Gypsophila pilosa) Hudson. M.S. Thesis of Weed Science. Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran [In Persian with English Summary].
47. Zamani, G.R., Hosseini, M., and Khazaei, M. 2010. Germination response of wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum Koch.) to salt and drought stress in different concentration of sodium chloride and polyethylene glycol 6000. Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences, 2(1): 65-72 [In Persian with English Summary].
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
