(Spring and Summer)
Back to the articles list |
Back to browse issues page
Department of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture Engineering, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran. , hrnooryazdan@pgu.ac.ir
Abstract: (1291 Views)
Extended abstract
Introduction: Drought stress in dryland wheat cultivation, where the plant solely relies on rainwater, can have a detrimental effect on plant growth. Given the lengthy duration of breeding projects, identifying stress-tolerant breeding lines at the germination stage can significantly reduce the time and cost of dryland wheat breeding programs for developing drought-resistant varieties. Identifying the stress tolerance of unreleased lines through laboratory simulation of drought stress, including novel methods to aid in selecting drought-tolerant varieties in the final stages, is an innovative approach. Moreover, the germination stage is crucial for plant establishment. This stage is critical for plant growth and development and can significantly impact bread wheat yield if tolerant lines are available.
Materials and Methods: This experiment was conducted to investigate the germination characteristics of 11 advanced dryland bread wheat lines under four osmotic potential levels (-2, -4, -6, and -8 bars) induced by polyethylene glycol 6000, along with a control (for a total of five levels), under laboratory (controlled) conditions at Persian Gulf University. The investigation was performed as a factorial experiment under a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Traits were measured in this experiment, including germination percentage, germination rate, growth rates of radicles and plumules, dry weight and length of radicle and plumule, vigor indices I and II, seedling length, and allometric coefficient.
Results: The average of all traits decreased with increasing stress levels. Results of ANOVA showed a significant interaction at the 1% level between lines and drought stress treatments. Therefore, physical slicing analysis was conducted at each stress level to compare the lines. The response of the lines to different traits was of an ordinal interaction type. As drought stress levels increased, the germination and rate percentage, radicle and plumule growth rates, and seedling length decreased. Lines 3 and 4 exhibited the highest germination percentage (58.86) and rate (3.60 seeds per day), as well as root (0.85 cm per day) and plumule rates (0.70 cm per day), and radicle (8.83 cm) and seedling (7.12 cm) length.
Conclusions: The response of the lines to different osmotic stress levels varied in terms of various traits. Based on the traits evaluated, lines 3 and 4 exhibited superior drought stress tolerance. These lines could be utilized in future breeding programs.
Highlights:
Introduction: Drought stress in dryland wheat cultivation, where the plant solely relies on rainwater, can have a detrimental effect on plant growth. Given the lengthy duration of breeding projects, identifying stress-tolerant breeding lines at the germination stage can significantly reduce the time and cost of dryland wheat breeding programs for developing drought-resistant varieties. Identifying the stress tolerance of unreleased lines through laboratory simulation of drought stress, including novel methods to aid in selecting drought-tolerant varieties in the final stages, is an innovative approach. Moreover, the germination stage is crucial for plant establishment. This stage is critical for plant growth and development and can significantly impact bread wheat yield if tolerant lines are available.
Materials and Methods: This experiment was conducted to investigate the germination characteristics of 11 advanced dryland bread wheat lines under four osmotic potential levels (-2, -4, -6, and -8 bars) induced by polyethylene glycol 6000, along with a control (for a total of five levels), under laboratory (controlled) conditions at Persian Gulf University. The investigation was performed as a factorial experiment under a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Traits were measured in this experiment, including germination percentage, germination rate, growth rates of radicles and plumules, dry weight and length of radicle and plumule, vigor indices I and II, seedling length, and allometric coefficient.
Results: The average of all traits decreased with increasing stress levels. Results of ANOVA showed a significant interaction at the 1% level between lines and drought stress treatments. Therefore, physical slicing analysis was conducted at each stress level to compare the lines. The response of the lines to different traits was of an ordinal interaction type. As drought stress levels increased, the germination and rate percentage, radicle and plumule growth rates, and seedling length decreased. Lines 3 and 4 exhibited the highest germination percentage (58.86) and rate (3.60 seeds per day), as well as root (0.85 cm per day) and plumule rates (0.70 cm per day), and radicle (8.83 cm) and seedling (7.12 cm) length.
Conclusions: The response of the lines to different osmotic stress levels varied in terms of various traits. Based on the traits evaluated, lines 3 and 4 exhibited superior drought stress tolerance. These lines could be utilized in future breeding programs.
Highlights:
- Evaluating and screening wheat breeding lines for drought tolerance by simulating stress conditions in the laboratory and comparing morphological traits in early plant growth stages.
- The response of the lines to similar levels of drought stress was heterogeneous, and physical shear decomposition based on each stress level revealed an ordered interaction between line level and stress.
Article number: 12
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
General
Received: 2024/05/25 | Revised: 2024/11/17 | Accepted: 2024/07/14
Received: 2024/05/25 | Revised: 2024/11/17 | Accepted: 2024/07/14
References
1. Abdi, H., Bihamta, A., Ebrahim, F. and Chogan, R. 2014. Investigation of drought stress levels caused by polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) on seed rejuvenation components and its relationship with drought tolerance indices in promising cultivars and lines. Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L). Iran Agricultural Research, 12(4): 582-596.
2. Abdul-Baki, A. and Anderson, J.D. 1973. Vigor determination in soybean seed by multiple criteria. Crop Science, 13(6): 630-633. [DOI:10.2135/cropsci1973.0011183X001300060013x]
3. Abido, W.A.E. and Zsombik, L. 2018. Effect of water stress on germination of some Hungarian wheat landraces varieties. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 38(6): 422-428. [DOI:10.1016/j.chnaes.2018.03.004]
4. Abro, A.A., Eisawi, K.A., Batyrbek, M., Sial, N.Y., Akhtar, M. and Memon, S.A. 2021. Identification of drought-tolerant wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars based on the associations of in-vitro and in-vivo predictors through polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) mediated osmotic stress. Pakistan Journal of Biotechnology, 18(3-4): 69-80. [DOI:10.34016/pjbt.2022.19.1-2.69]
5. Ahmad, A., Aslam, Z., Javed, T., Hussain, S., Raza, A., Shabbir, R., Mora-Poblete, F., Saeed, T., Zulfiqar, F., Ali, M.M. and Nawaz, M. et al. 2022. Screening of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes for drought tolerance through agronomic and physiological response. Agronomy, 12(2): 287. [DOI:10.3390/agronomy12020287]
6. Ahmed, H., Zeng, Y., Yang, X., Anwaar, H.A., Mansha, M.Z., Hanif, C., Ikram, K., Ullah, A. and Alghanem, S. 2020. Conferring drought-tolerant wheat genotypes through morpho-physiological and chlorophyll indices at seedling stage. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 27: 2116-2123. [DOI:10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.06.019] [PMID] []
7. Batool, M., El-Badri, A.M., Wang, Z., Mohamed, I.A., Yang, H., Ai, X., and Zhou, G. 2022. Rapeseed morpho-physio-biochemical responses to drought stress induced by PEG-6000. Agronomy, 12(3): 579. [DOI:10.3390/agronomy12030579]
8. Bewley, J.D. and Black, M. 2012. Physiology and biochemistry of seeds in relation to germination: volume 2: viability, dormancy, and environmental control. Springer Science & Business Media.
9. Bilal, M., Rashid, R., Rehman, S., Iqbal, F.,Ahmed, J., Abid, M., Ahmed, Z. and Hayat, A. 2015. Evaluation of wheat genotypes for drought tolerance. Journal of Green Physiology, Genetic Genome, 1: 11-21.
10. Bilgili, D., Mehmet, A. and Kazım, M. 2019. Effects of peg-induced drought stress on germination and seedling performance of bread wheat genotypes. Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 29(4): 765-771. [DOI:10.29133/yyutbd.595627]
11. Cattivelli, L., Rizza, F., Badeck, F.W., Mazzucotelli, E., Mastrangelo, A.M., Francia, E., Marè, C., Tondelli, A. and Stanca, A.M. 2008. Drought tolerance improvement in crop plants: an integrated view from breeding to genomics. Field Crops Research, 105(1-2): 1-14. [DOI:10.1016/j.fcr.2007.07.004]
12. Faisal, S., Mujtaba, S.M., Asma and Mahboob, W., 2019. Polyethylene Glycol mediated osmotic stress impacts on growth and biochemical aspects of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology, 22: 213-223. [DOI:10.1007/s12892-018-0166-0]
13. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). 2022. FAOSTAT agriculture. Form http://fao.org/crop/statistics
14. Gall, H., Philippe, F., Domon, J.M., Gillet, F., Pelloux, J. and Rayon, C. 2015. Cell wall metabolism in response to abiotic stress. Plants, 4(1): 112-166. [DOI:10.3390/plants4010112] [PMID] []
15. Gampala, S., Singh, V.J., Chakraborti, S., Vishwajith, K. and Manjunath, G. 2015. Genotypic differences against poly ethylene glycol (PEG) simulated drought stress in rice. Green Farming, 6(1): pp.117-121.
16. Ganiyu, S.A., Popoola, A.R., Imonmion, J.E., Uzoemeka, I.P., and Ojo, K.O. 2021. Effect of three sterilizing agents on seed viability, seedling vigor and occurrence of seed-borne bacterial pathogens of two tomato cultivar. Nigerian Journal of Plant Protection, 35(1): 32-38.
17. Garavandi, M., Farshadfar, E., Kahrizi, D. 2010. Evaluation of drought tolerance in advanced bread wheat genotypes in field and laboratory condition. Journal of Seed and Plant Seedling, 2: 233-252. [In Persian with English Summary]
18. Gholinezhad, E. 2014. The Effects of Salinity Stress on Related germination traits of wheat genotypes. Journal of Plant Research (Iranian Journal of Biology), 27(2): 276-287. [In Persian with English Summary]
19. Ghosh, S., Shahed, M.A., and Robin, A. 2020. Polyethylene glycol induced osmotic stress affects germination and seedling establishment of wheat genotypes. Plant Breeding Biotechnology, 8: 174-185. [DOI:10.9787/PBB.2020.8.2.174]
20. Giraldo, P., Benavente, E., Manzano-Agugliaro, F. and Gimenez, E. 2019. Worldwide research trends on wheat and barley: A bibliometric comparative analysis. Agronomy, 9(7): 352. [DOI:10.3390/agronomy9070352]
21. Gupta, K. D. and Palma J. 2021. Plant Growth and Stress Physiology. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing. [DOI:10.1007/978-3-030-78420-1]
22. International Seed Testing Association (ISTA). 2023. International rules for seed testing. Rules. Seed Science and Technology, 13(2): 299-513.
23. Li, D., Batchelor, W.D., Zhang, D., Miao, H., Li, H., and Song, S. 2020. Analysis of melatonin regulation of germination and antioxidant metabolism in different wheat cultivars under polyethylene glycol stress. PLOS One, 15(8): e0237536. [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0237536] [PMID] []
24. Lipiec, J., Doussan, C., Nosalewicz, A. and Kondracka, K. 2013. Effect of drought and heat stresses on plant growth and yield: a review. International Agrophysics, 27(4): 463-477. [DOI:10.2478/intag-2013-0017]
25. Loutfy, N., Hassanein, A.M., Inouhe, M., and Salem, J.M. 2022. Biological aspects and proline metabolism genes influenced by polyethylene glycol and salicylic acid in two wheat cultivars. Egyptian Journal of Botany, 62(3): 671-685. [DOI:10.21608/ejbo.2022.124280.1921]
26. Maguire, J. D. 1968. Seed dormancy, germination and seedling vigor of some Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) varieties as affected by environmental and endogenous factors. Dissertation. Oregon State Universty.
27. Mahpara, S., Zainab, A., Ullah, R., Kausar, S., Bilal, M., Latif, M.I., and Zuan, A. 2022. The impact of PEG-induced drought stress on seed germination and seedling growth of different bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes. PLoS One, 17(2): e0262937. [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0262937] [PMID] []
28. Memon, S., Abro, A., Jakhro, M.I., Farid, A., Habib, M., Ahmed, M., Bhutto, L.A., Memon, S.A. and Farooq, M. 2023. Polyethylene glycol mediated osmotic stress impacts on growth and biochemical aspects of wheat under artificial osmotic stress condition. Journal of Innovative Sciences, 9(1): 44-50. [DOI:10.17582/journal.jis/2023/9.1.44.50]
29. Michel, B.E. and Kaufmann, M.R. 1973. The osmotic potential of polyethylene glycol 6000. Plant Physiology, 51(5): 914-916. [DOI:10.1104/pp.51.5.914] [PMID] []
30. Mujtaba, S.M., Faisal, S., Khan, M.A., Mumtaz, S. and Khanzada, B., 2016. Physiological studies on six wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes for drought stress tolerance at seedling stage. Agricultural Research & Technology, 1(2): 1-5. [DOI:10.19080/ARTOAJ.2016.01.555559]
31. Muscoloa, A., Sidaria, M., Anastasib, U., Santonocetoa, C., and Maggioc, A. 2014. Effect of PEG induced drought stress on seed germination of four lentil genotypes. Journal of Plant Interactions, 9: 354-363. [DOI:10.1080/17429145.2013.835880]
32. Noorka, I.R., Batool, A., Rauf, S., Teixeira da Silva, J. and Ashraf, E. 2013. Estimation of heterosis in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under contrasting water regimes. International Journal of Plant Breeding, 7: 55-60.
33. Othmani, A., Ayed, S., Chamekh, Z., Slama-Ayed, O., Teixeira Da Silva, J.A., Rezgui, M., Slim-Amara, H. and Younes, M.B. 2021. Screening of seedlings of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) cultivars for tolerance to peg-induced drought stress. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 53(3): pp.823-832. [DOI:10.30848/PJB2021-3(5)]
34. Pramanik, S.K., Sikder, S. and Hasan, M.A., 2022. Polyethylene glycol mediated osmotic stress on germination, seedling traits and seed metabolic efficiency of wheat. Bangladesh Agronomy Journal, 25(2): 19-29. [DOI:10.3329/baj.v25i2.65926]
35. Qadir, S.A. 2018. Wheat grains germination and seedling growth performance under drought condition. Basrah Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 31(2), 44-52. [DOI:10.33762/bagrs.2018.160132]
36. Raza, S., Saleem, M., Khan, I., Jamil, M., Ijaz, M., Khan, M., 2012. Evaluating the drought stress tolerance efficiency of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars. Russian Journal of Agriculture and Economic Sciences, 12 (12): 41-46. [DOI:10.18551/rjoas.2012-12.04]
37. Saed-Moucheshi, A., and Safari, H. 2023. Superoxide dismutase enzyme expression in root and shoot of triticale seedlings under drought stress conditions. Cereal Biotechnology and Biochemistry, 1: 581-595.
38. Sarto, M.V.M., Sarto, J.R.W., Rampim, L., Rosset, J.S., Bassegio, D., da Costa, P.F., and Inagaki, A.M. 2017. Wheat phenology and yield under drought: a review. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 11(8): 941-946. [DOI:10.21475/ajcs.17.11.08.pne351]
39. Schwalm, C.R., Anderegg, W.R.L., Michalak, A.M., Fisher, J.B., Biondi, F., Koch, G., Litvak, M., Ogle, K., Shaw, J.D., and Wolf, A. 2017. Global patterns of drought recovery. Nature, 548: 202-205. [DOI:10.1038/nature23021] [PMID]
40. Sharma, K., Dhingra, M., Kaur, R., Singh, S., Kaur, A., Kaur, S., and Sharma, A. 2022. Evaluation of Triticum durum-Aegilops tauschii derived primary synthetics as potential sources of drought stress tolerance for wheat improvement. Cereal Research Communications: 50: 1205-1216. [DOI:10.1007/s42976-022-00265-2]
41. Sharma, V., Kumar, A., Chaudhary, A., Mishra, A., Rawat, S., Basavaraj, Y.B., Shami, V. and Kaushik, P. 2022. Response of wheat genotypes to drought stress stimulated by PEG. Stresses 2: 26-51 [DOI:10.3390/stresses2010003]
42. Statistical Yearbook of the Ministry of Agriculture for the Iranian year 2022. 95 pp.
43. Street, H.E, and Cockburn, W. 2014. Plant Metabolism. Elsevier Science, 334 pp.
44. Surbhaiyya, S.D., Gahukar, S.J., Jadhav, P.V., Bhagatm, S.Y., Moharil, M.P., Potdukhe, N.R. and Singh, P.K. 2018. In-vitro based screening of promising wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes for osmotic stress imposed at seedling stage. International Journal Current Microbiology Applied Science (6): 2500-2508.
45. Susilo, E., Setyowati, N., Nurjanah, U., Riwandi, R., and Muktamar, Z. 2023. Inhibition of seed germination under water extracts of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) and its ratoon cultivated in swamp land. International Journal of Agricultural Technology, 19(3): 1337-1346.
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
